基于WebGIS的土壤作物动态信息智能系统的开发与应用

发布时间：2018-12-22 07:59

【摘要】：21世纪是信息飞跃的时代,伴随着信息技术的迅猛发展,信息技术在农业上的应用也得到了一定的发展,精准农业是结合了信息技术的一种颇具发展潜力的技术。虽然信息技术在农业领域的应用在不断增大,但在地域庞大、地形复杂的我国,传统的农业生产方式仍是我国当前农业生产的主流方式。相对于精准农业,传统农业生产方式的总体生产率低下,资源浪费巨大,环境污染严重,在当前粮食安全、资源减少的严峻形势下,传统农业生产方式的缺陷逐渐突出,农业信息化和农业现代化作为“新四化”成为当前农业领域的主流趋势,因而进行信息技术的农业应用对促进精准农业的实施,实现农业生产的精准化和高效化具有重大现实意义和深远历史意义。本文以国家“863”项目“玉米精准作业系统的研究与应用”和吉林省世行贷款项目“基于物联网的设施蔬菜安全生产技术研究与应用”等课题为依托,进行了吉林省农安县的基于WEBGIS的土壤作物动态信息智能系统的研制,主要内容如下： (1)利用无线传感器技术,构建一个实时温湿度感知系统,实现土壤实时温湿度信息获取；运用网络技术,将传感器收集的信息发送到服务器端进行存储和处理,应用短信猫模块实现了将用户在系统中咨询的结论实时快速的反馈给用户的功能,减少了用户记忆的过程,对于准确指导用户生产具有重大的意义。 (2)进行了空间聚类算法的研究与应用,设计并实现了基于DBSCAN的空间聚类算法,用于土壤肥力评价,为农业生产管理者的宏观决策和精准施肥提供依据。 (3)运用WebGIS和人工智能技术,与基于无线传感器的数据获取系统和基于空间聚类的土壤肥力评价方法有效集成,研制并实现了土壤-作物动态信息智能系统。系统包括：信息查询、动态监测、肥力评价、智能决策和结果输出五项功能。本文通过对无线传感器、数据挖掘技术、WebGIS技术和人工智能技术的结合,研制开发的土壤作物动态信息智能系统能为农业生产管理部门的信息获取、肥力评价等提供实时、准确的决策依据并可为广大农户提供玉米产量预测、精准施肥和病虫害诊治等咨询服务。
[Abstract]:The 21st century is an era of information leaps and bounds. With the rapid development of information technology, the application of information technology in agriculture has also been developed to a certain extent. Precision agriculture is a kind of development potential technology which combines information technology. Although the application of information technology in the field of agriculture is increasing, the traditional agricultural production mode is still the main way of agricultural production in our country. Compared with precision agriculture, the traditional agricultural production mode has low overall productivity, huge waste of resources and serious environmental pollution. Under the severe situation of food security and resource reduction, the defects of traditional agricultural production mode are gradually becoming more and more serious. Agricultural informatization and agricultural modernization, as the "new four modernizations", have become the mainstream trend in the current agricultural field, so the agricultural application of information technology has promoted the implementation of precision agriculture. It is of great realistic and profound historical significance to realize the precision and high efficiency of agricultural production. This paper is based on the national "863" project "Research and Application of Maize Precision Operation system" and Jilin Province World Bank loan project "Research and Application of Facility vegetable Safety production Technology based on Internet of things". An intelligent soil crop dynamic information system based on WEBGIS in Nong'an County of Jilin Province is developed. The main contents are as follows: (1) A real-time temperature and humidity sensing system is constructed by using wireless sensor technology. To achieve the real-time soil temperature and humidity information acquisition; Using the network technology, the information collected by the sensor is sent to the server for storage and processing, and the short message cat module is used to realize the function of real-time and fast feedback to the user from the conclusion of the user consulting in the system. It reduces the process of user memory and has great significance for guiding user production accurately. (2) the research and application of spatial clustering algorithm are carried out, and the spatial clustering algorithm based on DBSCAN is designed and implemented, which can be used to evaluate soil fertility and provide the basis for macro decision and precision fertilization of agricultural production managers. (3) using WebGIS and artificial intelligence technology, the intelligent system of soil-crop dynamic information is developed and realized by integrating the data acquisition system based on wireless sensor and the evaluation method of soil fertility based on spatial clustering. The system includes five functions: information query, dynamic monitoring, fertility evaluation, intelligent decision making and result output. Through the combination of wireless sensor, data mining technology, WebGIS technology and artificial intelligence technology, the research and development of soil crop dynamic information intelligent system can provide real-time information acquisition, fertility evaluation and so on for agricultural production management department. Accurate decision-making basis and can provide consultation services such as maize yield prediction, precision fertilization, disease and pest diagnosis and treatment for farmers.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;TP311.52

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