基于CORS网的关中平原非构造负荷形变特征研究

发布时间：2019-01-01 12:36

【摘要】：近几十年中,随着GNSS观测技术的不断发展和模型精化,使得GPS单天定位精度在水平方向可达3mm左右,高程方向定位精度可达6mm左右;若对于长时间连续观测数据进行高精度解算,其水平方向和高程方向定位精度分别可达1mm左右和3mm左右。如此高的定位精度使得GPS等空间对地观测技术应用领域逐渐扩大。在全球参考框架下的中国大陆地壳运动速率约为每年十几个毫米,垂向运动振幅最大与最小差值在厘米级,因此基于GPS约束下监测局部区域地壳垂向运动成为可能。因此,本文基于GPS垂向时间序列变化,并扣除了大气扰动负荷和土壤水迁徙负荷的形变影响,最终实现了反演关中平原地区的地下水储量变化。(1)基于格值方法对所需解算测站进行均匀分区,避免了较短基线的出现,并选择最佳的参数估算模型和解算方案,得到N、E、U三方向的高精度GNSS台站时间序列。(2)利用全球大气数据模型和全球土壤水同化数据模型以及基于球谐函数模型的球谐展开,定量地计算了大气扰动负荷和土壤水迁徙负荷对中国大陆区域地壳的形变影响;得到了中国区域内的2010-2016年时段内的平均大气导纳值。(3)将GPS时间序列按照每月一个值进行抽稀,并扣除以每月一值的大气扰动负荷形变和土壤水迁徙负荷形变,可得出GPS垂向时间序列振幅明显减小,说明二者对地壳垂向运动影响不可忽视。(4)利用扣除大气扰动负荷和土壤水迁徙负荷形变影响的GPS垂向时间序列,反演了关中地区地下水储量对地壳沉降的响应情况,符合实际。并利用流动重力台站定量的计算了关中平原地下水储量的变化,得出地下水储量总体而言相对稳定。为此地区经济建设和工程设计提供了重要的基础理论。
[Abstract]:In recent decades, with the continuous development of GNSS observation technology and model refinement, the positioning accuracy of GPS can reach 3mm in the horizontal direction and 6mm in the elevation direction. If a high precision solution is carried out for a long time continuous observation data, the positioning accuracy of horizontal direction and elevation direction can reach about 1mm and 3mm, respectively. With such high positioning accuracy, the application of GPS and other space-to-earth observation technology is gradually expanded. The crustal movement rate of the Chinese continent under the global reference frame is about ten millimeters per year, and the maximum and minimum difference between the vertical motion amplitude and the minimum amplitude is in the centimeter order, so it is possible to monitor the local regional vertical crustal movement based on the GPS constraint. Therefore, based on the variation of GPS vertical time series, the deformation effects of atmospheric disturbance load and soil water migration load are deducted. Finally, the groundwater reserves change in Guanzhong Plain area is inversed. (1) based on the lattice value method, the required solution stations are evenly partitioned to avoid the occurrence of a shorter baseline, and the optimal parameter estimation model and solution are selected. A high-precision GNSS station time series with three directions is obtained. (2) the spherical harmonic expansion based on the global atmospheric data model, the global soil water assimilation data model and the spherical harmonic function model is used. The effects of atmospheric disturbance load and soil water migration load on the crustal deformation in the mainland of China are calculated quantitatively. The average atmospheric admittance during the period 2010-2016 in China is obtained. (3) the GPS time series is thinned according to one value per month, and the deformation of atmospheric disturbance load and soil water migration load is deducted. It can be concluded that the amplitude of GPS vertical time series is obviously reduced, which indicates that the influence of both of them on the vertical crustal movement can not be ignored. (4) the vertical time series of GPS is used to deduct the effects of atmospheric disturbance load and soil water migration load deformation. The response of groundwater reserves to crustal subsidence in Guanzhong area is inversed. The variation of groundwater reserves in Guanzhong Plain is calculated quantitatively by using mobile gravity stations, and it is concluded that the groundwater reserves are relatively stable in general. Therefore, regional economic construction and engineering design provide an important basic theory.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P228.4

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