基于GIS的西安城市绿地可达性研究

发布时间：2019-01-07 20:13

【摘要】：城市绿地是城市中保有一定自然景观,或其自然景观得到改变或恢复的绿色区域,是城市中自然和人文景观现象的综合展现,在城市中体现着生态性的生态空间,对城市居民的身心健康和城市的可持续发展起着至关重要的作用,居民能否方便的使用这种绿色空间是衡量现代城市人居环境质量的一个重要指标。城市绿地可达性正是研究居民使用该绿色空间的一种有效方法,它是指居民克服一定的空间阻力到达该绿地的便捷和难易程度,其对评价城市环境质量,研究自然生态系统的服务功能有着重要的潜在价值,同时也为合理的调整和设计城市绿地系统布局提供了科学依据,从而使城市建设中“以人为本”的理念得以落到实处。本研究是以西安市建成区三环以内的整体城市绿地为例,基于3S技术和网络分析法,从交通、土地利用、绿地自身质量、人口密度等角度分析了西安2000年和2010年两个时期城市绿地的可达性和服务水平。结果显示： (1)2000年的时候,在15min和30min内整体绿地可达性区域服务面积上,分别占整个区域面积的9.43%和33.04%,服务人口分别占11.62%和21.92%； (2)2010年时,在15min和30min内整体绿地可达性区域服务面积上,分别占整个区域面积的19.13%和37.67%,服务人口分别占27.65%和48.95%,而10年间整体绿地面积由原来的4.95%提高到了12.73%,说明在这十年间,在城市化进程中,城市人口急速增长,城市的路网结构不断完善,城市居民的物质和精神生活质量也在随之变化。 (3)从总体方面来看,2000年和2010年各可达区域的总面积、服务人口和整体可达性都在变化,且可达性都在逐年好转,2010年三环内大部分区域在步行30分钟内都可以到达最近的景观绿地,这明显高于十年前的水平,而且景观绿地为市民服务的效果和作用也更加显著。西安市城市绿地建设正在步入快速发展阶段,应注重旧绿地的改造升级、新绿地的规划建设、适当调整城市西南部和西部的部分绿地格局、注意保护和维持东部和东北部现有的绿地景观,加强城乡结合带的绿地建设,努力消除绿地建设中存在的各种问题。基于GIS技术的城市绿地可达性研究综合考虑了绿地规模、人口分布、道路交通、土地利用等重要因素,能客观并准确的反映城市绿地建设的合理性和公平性,可为西安市城市规划建设提供借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Urban green space is a green area where the city has a certain natural landscape, or its natural landscape has been changed or restored. It is a comprehensive display of the natural and human landscape phenomenon in the city, and reflects the ecological space in the city. It plays a vital role in the physical and mental health of urban residents and the sustainable development of the city. Whether the green space can be conveniently used by residents is an important index to measure the quality of modern urban human settlements. The accessibility of urban green space is an effective method to study the residents' use of the green space. It refers to the convenience and difficulty for the residents to overcome certain space resistance to reach the green space and evaluate the quality of the urban environment. The study of the service function of natural ecosystem has important potential value, at the same time, it provides a scientific basis for the rational adjustment and design of urban green space system layout, so that the concept of "people-oriented" in urban construction can be put into practice. This study takes the whole urban green space within the third Ring Road of Xi'an City as an example, based on the 3s technology and network analysis method, from the traffic, land use, green space quality, The accessibility and service level of urban green space in Xi'an in 2000 and 2010 were analyzed in terms of population density. The results showed that: (1) in 15min and 30min, the service area of the whole green space was 9.43% and 33.04%, respectively, and the service population accounted for 11.62% and 21.92% respectively in 2000; (2) in 2010, in 15min and 30min, the service area of the whole green space was 19.13% and 37.67%, respectively, and the service population accounted for 27.65% and 48.95%, respectively. The overall green space area increased from 4.95% to 12.73% in 10 years, indicating that in the course of urbanization, the urban population has increased rapidly, and the urban road network structure has been continuously improved. The quality of material and spiritual life of urban residents is also changing with it. (III) overall, the total area, service population and overall accessibility of each region in 2000 and 2010 are changing, and accessibility is improving year by year. In 2010, most of the areas in the third Ring Road can reach the nearest landscape greenbelt within 30 minutes of walking, which is obviously higher than the level of ten years ago, and the effect and effect of landscape green space serving the citizens is more remarkable. The construction of urban green space in Xi'an is entering a stage of rapid development. We should pay attention to the transformation and upgrading of the old green space, the planning and construction of new green space, and adjust the green space pattern of the southwest and western parts of the city appropriately. Attention should be paid to protecting and maintaining the existing green landscape in the east and northeast, strengthening the green land construction in the urban-rural combination zone, and making great efforts to eliminate the various problems existing in the green space construction. The research on the accessibility of urban green space based on GIS technology comprehensively considers the important factors such as green space scale, population distribution, road traffic, land use and so on, which can objectively and accurately reflect the rationality and fairness of urban green space construction. It can provide reference for Xi'an city planning and construction.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;TU985.2

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