沟谷特征点簇的空间结构模型建立与分析研究

发布时间：2019-01-17 19:17

【摘要】：沟谷特征点簇是流域地貌区的沟谷体系中对沟谷的空间格局和发育演进规律具有重要控制作用的一系列点的集合。该集合并非是点的简单合并,而是在空间上形成了一个有序的集合,具有严密的组织结构、密切的空间关系和完整的属性描述。在确定沟谷特征点获取方法的基础上,系统研究沟谷特征点簇的空间结构模型及其属性描述方法具有重要理论和实践意义。本论文以地貌学、水文学、系统动力学、计算机图形学为理论基础,结合成因解析、形态分析和数理统计的分析手段,充分运用GIS空间分析、DEM地形分析、分形计算、计算机模拟、模式识别等技术方法,采用形态的定性与指标的定量分析相结合、理论分析与应用验证相结合的研究手段,以高精度DEM为信息源,在充分认识沟谷成因机理和形态特征的基础上,研究并完善沟谷特征点簇的概念模型,并根据特征点的空间、属性特征,细化其组成类别；在分析现有GIS数据模型在数据存储、拓扑信息记录等优缺点的基础上,运用面向对象建模的基本思路,研究创建融合拓扑结构、属性结构的沟谷特征点簇空间数据模型；最后在C#+ArcEngine环境下开发建立沟谷特征点簇原型系统,实现基于沟谷特征点簇的沟谷特征分析功能。
[Abstract]:The characteristic point cluster of the valley is the collection of a series of points which play an important role in controlling the spatial pattern and the development and evolution of the valley in the valley system of the watershed geomorphology. The set is not a simple combination of points, but an ordered set in space, with a tight organizational structure, close spatial relationship and complete attribute description. On the basis of determining the method of obtaining the feature points of the valley, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to systematically study the spatial structure model and the attribute description method of the cluster of feature points of the valley. Based on the theories of geomorphology, hydrology, system dynamics and computer graphics, this paper makes full use of GIS space analysis, DEM terrain analysis, fractal calculation, and combined with the means of cause analysis, morphological analysis and mathematical statistics. Computer simulation, pattern recognition and other technical methods are used to combine qualitative analysis of morphology with quantitative analysis of indicators, theoretical analysis and application verification, and high precision DEM is used as the source of information. On the basis of fully understanding the formation mechanism and morphological characteristics of the valley, the conceptual model of the feature point cluster of the valley is studied and perfected, and its composition categories are refined according to the space and attribute features of the feature points. On the basis of analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the existing GIS data models, such as data storage, topological information record and so on, using the basic idea of object-oriented modeling, this paper studies the creation of spatial data model of valley feature point cluster which combines topological structure and attribute structure. Finally, a prototype system of valley feature point cluster is developed under the environment of C # ArcEngine, and the function of valley feature analysis based on valley feature point cluster is realized.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;P931.1

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