基于GIS和数据库技术的水环境信息管理系统设计与开发

发布时间：2019-01-28 12:11

【摘要】：随着我国社会经济的迅速发展,水环境状况的日益恶化,社会各界对水环境管理提出了更高的要求。同时,各种信息管理技术的兴起,特别是GIS和数据库技术的发展,大大促进了水环境信息管理系统的发展。基于GIS和数据库技术建立水环境信息管理系统已成为当前水环境信息管理、规划研究中的主要课题,对于提高环境管理工作效率,改善水环境状况和实现水资源的可持续开发利用均具有及其重要的意义。因此,本次研究工作的目的是以惠州市为例,以国内外先进的组件式GIS为开发平台,结合国内外较为成熟的关系型数据库管理技术,建立一个面向管理层和决策层的水环境信息可视化管理系统。本论文就水环境信息管理系统的设计与开发做了较为深入的研究,并取得了如下成果： (1)针对传统水环境管理系统的空间数据与属性数据分开存储,数据获取缓慢、准确率低的问题,采用SQL Sever2000来建立空间数据库和属性数据库,实现了水环境空间数据和属性数据的一体化存储和管理,大大提高了系统的数据运行效率。而且SQL Sever2000技术的运用使得数据可在局域网内共享,保证了数据的时效性。 (2)采用Visual Basic高级编程语言对组件式GIS进行集成二次开发,不仅提高了系统的开发效率,而且还提高了信息管理过程中信息获取的便捷性、高效性及可视化程度,使得系统具有更灵活而强大的数据处理功能和友好而美观的用户操作界面。 (3)针对传统水环境信息管理系统空间数据分析处理能力不足的问题,将普通数据库技术和GIS所提供的空间地理分析功能有效结合,采用Visual Basic高级编程语言开发专业功能模块,具有对空间数据和属性数据的综合分析能力,弥补了其它工具纯图形或纯文字表格的表达缺陷,使空间数据的图形表现和属性数据的空间分析能力都有了很大的提高,可以更好的满足环境工作的需要。系统具有信息查询浏览、数据管理、统计汇总、趋势分析、水质评价、污染源管理和系统管理等功能,可以快速直观的显示和分析惠州市水环境当前污染状况、水质评价结果、污染源分布、追踪污染物来源及进行简单的空间辅助决策分析,且具有生成报表和专题图的能力。 (4)系统有机结合了监测点管理、监测数据管理和图表分析三大功能,使得环保数据的管理更为高效和方便。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our country's social economy and the worsening of water environment, all walks of life have put forward higher requirements for water environment management. At the same time, the rise of various information management technologies, especially the development of GIS and database technology, has greatly promoted the development of water environment information management system. The establishment of water environment information management system based on GIS and database technology has become the main task in the current water environment information management, planning and research, to improve the efficiency of environmental management, It is of great significance to improve the water environment and realize the sustainable development and utilization of water resources. Therefore, the purpose of this research work is to take Huizhou City as an example, take the advanced component GIS as the development platform at home and abroad, and combine the more mature relational database management technology at home and abroad. A water environment information visualization management system for management and decision level is established. In this paper, the design and development of water environment information management system have been deeply studied, and the following results have been achieved: (1) the spatial data and attribute data of traditional water environment management system are stored separately, and the data acquisition is slow. For the problem of low accuracy, SQL Sever2000 is used to establish spatial database and attribute database, which realizes the integrated storage and management of spatial data and attribute data in water environment, and greatly improves the efficiency of data operation of the system. And the application of SQL Sever2000 technology makes the data can be shared in the LAN, which ensures the timeliness of the data. (2) adopting Visual Basic advanced programming language to develop component GIS not only improves the development efficiency of the system, but also improves the convenience, efficiency and visualization of information acquisition in the process of information management. The system has more flexible and powerful data processing function and friendly and beautiful user interface. (3) aiming at the problem that the spatial data analysis and processing ability of traditional water environment information management system is insufficient, the common database technology and the spatial geographic analysis function provided by GIS are effectively combined. Using Visual Basic advanced programming language to develop professional functional module, it has the ability to analyze spatial data and attribute data synthetically, which makes up for the expression defects of other tools, such as pure graphics or pure text tables. The graphic representation of spatial data and the spatial analysis ability of attribute data have been greatly improved, which can better meet the needs of environmental work. The system has the functions of information query and browse, data management, statistical summary, trend analysis, water quality evaluation, pollution source management and system management. It can quickly and intuitively display and analyze the current pollution situation and water quality evaluation results in Huizhou City. Distribution of pollution sources, tracking of pollutant sources and simple spatial decision-making analysis, and the ability to generate reports and thematic maps. (4) the system combines three functions: monitoring point management, monitoring data management and chart analysis, which makes the management of environmental data more efficient and convenient.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP311.13;P208;X143

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