基于GIS的大同矿区土地利用变化及可持续利用研究
发布时间：2019-04-13 19:24
【摘要】：本文应用地理信息系统强大的统计分析、空间分析功能,经过数理统计,从时间和空间两个方面对大同矿区2000年到2010年十年间土地利用变化情况和基于高程与坡度的分布规律进行分析研究,探究土地利用特点和规律；从而为矿区未来的土地资源利用提出相应的建议,以期更好的保护大同矿区珍贵的土地资源,实现大同矿区土地资源的可持续利用。 研究结果表明：2000年至2010年,大同矿区内土地利用类型草地、乔木林地、疏林及未成林地大面积增加,工矿建设用地和居民建设用地也有增加,灌木林地和耕地大面积减少,河流水域也有部分减少。工矿及城镇用地主要分布在海拔低于1000m、坡度小于8°的平地和缓地上。耕地主要分布在海拔低于1000m、坡度小于15°的平地和缓坡上。乔木林地、灌木林地和疏林及未成林地主要分布在海拔高于1000m、坡度大于150且小于25°的缓陡坡和陡坡地上。草地主要分布在高程小于1000m、坡度5°-15°的缓地和斜坡上。河流湖泊等水域主要分布在海拔低于1000m坡度、小于15°的平地和缓坡上。同时反映出在各高程和坡度范围内,土地利用变化呈现出一定规律,1100米以下土地利用变化表现在草地的减少和工矿及城镇用地面积的增加。1100-1300米土地利用变化表现在草地的减少和工矿及城镇用地面积的增加。1300-1500米土地利用变化表现在耕地的减少及草地、疏林及未成林地的增加。1500-1700米土地利用变化表现在耕地和灌木林地的减少及草地、疏林及未成林地的增加。大于1700米土地利用变化表现在耕地和灌木林地的减少及草地、疏林及未成林地、乔木林的增加。在坡度较低的低地,耕地和灌木林地面积减少,而草地和未成林地及工矿城镇用地增加,在坡度较高的中高地,灌木林地面积减少,乔木林地面积略微减少,而草地及未成林地面积不断增加。最后在土地利用现状基础上,从土地利用结构类型、土地资源保护开发、生态功能区等方面提出大同矿区土地资源可持续利用建议。
[Abstract]:This paper applies the powerful statistical analysis and spatial analysis function of geographic information system, through mathematical statistics, The land use change and distribution law based on elevation and slope in Datong mining area from 2000 to 2010 are analyzed and studied from time and space to explore the characteristics and laws of land use. In order to protect the precious land resources in Datong mining area and realize the sustainable utilization of the land resources in Datong mining area, some suggestions are put forward for the future utilization of land resources in Datong mining area in order to better protect the precious land resources in Datong mining area. The results showed that from 2000 to 2010, the land use type grassland, Arbor woodland, sparse forest and unformed woodland increased in Datong mining area, the industrial and mining construction land and residential construction land also increased, and the shrub forest land and cultivated land decreased in a large area. There is also a partial decrease in river waters. The industrial, mining and urban land is mainly distributed on the flat and gentle ground with elevation less than 1000 m and slope less than 8 掳. The cultivated land is mainly distributed on the flat land and gentle slope with elevation less than 1000 m and slope less than 15 掳. Arbor forest, shrub land, sparse forest and unformed forest land are mainly distributed on gentle steep slope and steep slope with elevation higher than 1000 m and slope greater than 150 and less than 25 掳. The grassland is mainly distributed on the gentle ground and slope where the elevation is less than 1000 m and the slope is 5 掳- 15 掳. Rivers, lakes and other waters are mainly distributed on flat and gentle slopes below 1000 m above sea level and less than 15 掳. At the same time, it reflects that the change of land use presents a certain law in the range of elevation and slope. The change of land use below 1100 m is manifested in the decrease of grassland and the increase of industrial, mining and urban land area. The land use change of 1100 m / 1300 m is manifested in the decrease of grassland and the increase of industrial, mining and urban land area. 1 300 m / 1 500 m of land The changes in utilization are reflected in the reduction of cultivated land and the grassland, The land use change of 1500 m / 1 700 m was manifested in the decrease of cultivated land and shrub land and the increase of grassland, sparse forest and immature forest land. The land use change of more than 1700 meters was manifested in the decrease of cultivated land and shrub land and the increase of grassland, sparse forest and immature forest and Arbor forest. In lowlands with lower slopes, the area of arable land and shrub land decreases, while the area of grassland and unformed forestland and industrial and mining urban land increases, and in the middle highlands with higher slopes, the area of shrub land decreases, and the area of Arbor forest land decreases slightly. The area of grasslands and underdeveloped woodlands continues to increase. Finally, on the basis of the present situation of land use, suggestions on sustainable utilization of land resources in Datong mining area are put forward from the aspects of land use structure type, land resources protection and development, ecological functional areas and so on.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F301.2;P208
本文编号：2457862
[Abstract]:This paper applies the powerful statistical analysis and spatial analysis function of geographic information system, through mathematical statistics, The land use change and distribution law based on elevation and slope in Datong mining area from 2000 to 2010 are analyzed and studied from time and space to explore the characteristics and laws of land use. In order to protect the precious land resources in Datong mining area and realize the sustainable utilization of the land resources in Datong mining area, some suggestions are put forward for the future utilization of land resources in Datong mining area in order to better protect the precious land resources in Datong mining area. The results showed that from 2000 to 2010, the land use type grassland, Arbor woodland, sparse forest and unformed woodland increased in Datong mining area, the industrial and mining construction land and residential construction land also increased, and the shrub forest land and cultivated land decreased in a large area. There is also a partial decrease in river waters. The industrial, mining and urban land is mainly distributed on the flat and gentle ground with elevation less than 1000 m and slope less than 8 掳. The cultivated land is mainly distributed on the flat land and gentle slope with elevation less than 1000 m and slope less than 15 掳. Arbor forest, shrub land, sparse forest and unformed forest land are mainly distributed on gentle steep slope and steep slope with elevation higher than 1000 m and slope greater than 150 and less than 25 掳. The grassland is mainly distributed on the gentle ground and slope where the elevation is less than 1000 m and the slope is 5 掳- 15 掳. Rivers, lakes and other waters are mainly distributed on flat and gentle slopes below 1000 m above sea level and less than 15 掳. At the same time, it reflects that the change of land use presents a certain law in the range of elevation and slope. The change of land use below 1100 m is manifested in the decrease of grassland and the increase of industrial, mining and urban land area. The land use change of 1100 m / 1300 m is manifested in the decrease of grassland and the increase of industrial, mining and urban land area. 1 300 m / 1 500 m of land The changes in utilization are reflected in the reduction of cultivated land and the grassland, The land use change of 1500 m / 1 700 m was manifested in the decrease of cultivated land and shrub land and the increase of grassland, sparse forest and immature forest land. The land use change of more than 1700 meters was manifested in the decrease of cultivated land and shrub land and the increase of grassland, sparse forest and immature forest and Arbor forest. In lowlands with lower slopes, the area of arable land and shrub land decreases, while the area of grassland and unformed forestland and industrial and mining urban land increases, and in the middle highlands with higher slopes, the area of shrub land decreases, and the area of Arbor forest land decreases slightly. The area of grasslands and underdeveloped woodlands continues to increase. Finally, on the basis of the present situation of land use, suggestions on sustainable utilization of land resources in Datong mining area are put forward from the aspects of land use structure type, land resources protection and development, ecological functional areas and so on.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F301.2;P208
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