DOA架构下二三维GIS一体化机制研究

发布时间：2019-05-29 18:00

【摘要】：GIS（Geographic Information System，地理信息系统）理论和技术日趋成熟，GIS应用广泛，已深入到各行各业，诸如应急管理、灾害监测、交通、电力、地籍管理、测绘、环境等[1]。二维GIS系统从桌面GIS开始其整个发展历程，随着其体系架构的不断发展，发展到现在的服务GIS。二维GIS系统优势明显，主要是其整体表现能力和空间分析能力强，但其可视化表达效果不佳，不能满足用户日益增加的需要。三维GIS信息表现力更强、展示出更多的空间关系，给人以真实感和沉浸感，可视化表达效果远远超过二维GIS。为此，国内外学者对二三维一体化做了大量研究，但少有人关注数据管理和数据共享的问题，致使二三维一体化在数据统一管理方面仍有改进之处。二维三维GIS系统在应急管理中的应用仍存在问题[2]：应急GIS技术复杂、操作频繁；需整合以空间信息为主的各类数据，对异构数据的交换、共享和协同要求高；处理数据的过程复杂；基于空间信息的网络服务能力差，数据管理效率低下；基于空间信息的分析和决策过程复杂。面对上述诸多问题，需要有新的体系结构来支持。为此，有了GIS数据交换更有效、更合理的新型架构DOA。 DOA（Data Oriented Architecture,面向数据的体系结构）架构，是一个系统架构模型，它以数据为核心，以标识为主线。通过基于XML的数据注册机制与数据交换规范，实现多系统间的数据共享和交换。 G/S（General-Browser/Service-Cloud，通用浏览器/服务云）模式，是基于DOA架构的网络信息访问与服务模式，借鉴了C/S、B/S模式的优点，以HGML（HyperGeographic Markup Language，超地理标记语言）为核心，以基于XML的数据注册与数据交换机制为主线，通过云服务下的海量异构数据管理以及客户端聚合服务机制，可以有效解决存储管理、服务响应、网络带宽、信息表达、操作控制、技术和分析等瓶颈问题。本文首先从实际应用出发，描述了二三维GIS一体化的积极意义，针对二三维GIS系统构建过程中海量、异构、实时等多种类型数据的管理，明确了基于面向数据的架构（DOA），采用通用浏览器/服务云（G/S）模式。在二三维GIS系统的开发经验和相关课题研究基础之上，继续对以下内容做研究：（1）研究二维三维GIS通信技术研究BlazeDS技术及其通信过程，以解决Flex与Java的通信问题，实现二维GIS通信；研究Web服务的发布/订阅消息通信，实现三维GIS通信。（2）研究支持二三维GIS数据统一管理的数据交换规范研究基于XML的数据交换标准，以解决应急GIS应用中海量、异构数据的组织管理问题及异构平台间消息转换问题，实现异构平台通信。（3）研究二三维通信系统的功能研究二三维通信系统的基本功能模块。具体包括基于BlazeDS的二维通信和基于WS的三维通信及消息解析转换功能。其中消息解析转换模块是基于数据交换规范实现。建立在上述研究内容的基础上，主要创新点和研究成果如下：（1）提出了一种支撑二三维GIS系统数据一体化管理的数据交换规范IML。IML（Intergration Markup Language，一体化标记语言），是二三维GIS系统的一体化数据管理和一体化通信领域的扩展和延伸。IML以HGML为基础，基于XML定义专用数据类型，借鉴XML、KML和GML定义语法结构与规则，兼容OGC相关标准。在分析二三维GIS系统应用中涉及到的相关数据类型和特点基础上，实现了一体化数据交换规范IML；并与现有数据存储应用现状进行对比分析，提炼出现有数据存储应用架构，有效解决了数据的一体化管理问题，以及一体化服务器通信中三维GIS通信功能。（2）提出了一种基于DOA架构二三维一体化通信模型基于DOA架构，分析二维三维GIS系统的相关数据的特点和类型，建立基于IML的统一数据管理机制，定义了用于三维GIS通信的消息体结构，为异构平台通信奠定了基础。围绕DOA架构数据共享和交换等理念，结合GIS系统发展趋势，设计实现了DOA架构下二三维GIS一体化通信机制，，在数据有效管理和交换共享的基础上，为二三维一体化奠定了基础。（3）设计实现基于DOA架构下一体化通信模型的二三维一体化GIS系统初步应用及简单功能在（1）和（2）的创新性工作的基础上，基于统一数据交换规范IML的设计，及一体化通信模型的建立与实现，整合了二三维GIS系统各自的优势，初步应用在应急管理中，并实现了一体化浏览、一体化标绘功能。综上，本文从二三维GIS的广泛应用到其问题的分析，给出基于DOA架构的解决方案，设计了基于统一数据管理规范IML，实现基于DOA架构的一体化通信机制，进而完善二三维一体化。
[Abstract]:GIS (geographic information system, geographic information system) theory and technology are becoming more and more mature, and the application of GIS is extensive, and has been in-depth to all walks of life, such as emergency management, disaster monitoring, transportation, power, cadastral management, mapping, environment, etc.[1]. The two-dimensional GIS system starts its whole development process from the desktop GIS, and develops to the present service GIS with the development of its system architecture. The advantages of the two-dimensional GIS system are obvious, the overall performance and spatial analysis ability of the two-dimensional GIS system are strong, but the visual expression effect of the two-dimensional GIS system is not good, and the user can not meet the increasing demands of the user. The three-dimensional GIS information is more expressive, showing more spatial relations, giving people a sense of realism and immersion, and the visual expression effect is far more than that of the two-dimensional GIS. For this reason, the domestic and foreign scholars have done a lot of research on the two-dimensional integration, but few people pay attention to the problems of data management and data sharing, so that the two-dimensional integration still has the improvement in the data unified management. The application of the two-dimensional three-dimensional GIS system in the emergency management is still a problem[2]: the emergency GIS technology is complex and the operation is frequent; all kinds of data, which are mainly spatial information, are required to be integrated; the exchange, sharing and cooperation requirements of the heterogeneous data are high; the process of processing the data is complex Heterogeneity; poor network services based on spatial information; low data management efficiency; analysis and decision-making process complex based on spatial information In the face of the above problems, there is a need for a new architecture to support To this end, there is a new type of architecture DO that is more efficient and reasonable in the data exchange of GIS. The A. DOA (Data Oriented Architecture) architecture is a system architecture model that uses data as the core to identify Based on XML-based data registration mechanism and data exchange specification, multi-system data sharing is realized And exchange. The G/ S (General-Browser/ Service-Cloud, general-purpose browser/ service cloud) mode is a network information access and service mode based on the DOA architecture, which is based on the advantages of C/ S, B/ S mode, and is based on the data registration and data exchange system based on XML. It can effectively solve the problems of storage management, service response, network bandwidth, information expression, operation control, technology and analysis through the mass heterogeneous data management and the client aggregation service mechanism under the cloud service. The paper first, from the practical application, has described the positive significance of the two-dimensional GIS integration, and in view of the management of mass, heterogeneous, real-time and other types of data in the construction of the two-dimensional GIS system, it is clear that the data-oriented architecture (DOA) with general-purpose browser/ service cloud (G / S) mode. On the basis of the development experience of the two-dimensional GIS system and the relevant subject research, the following is continued: The content is studied: (1) The technology of 2-D three-dimensional GIS communication and the communication process of BlazeDS are studied to solve the problem of communication between Flex and Java. Two-dimensional GIS communication; research on the communication and implementation of the publish/ subscribe message of Web services 3-D GIS communication. (2) The research on the data exchange standard supporting the unified management of the two-dimensional GIS data is based on the data exchange standard of XML, so as to solve the problem of mass and heterogeneous data organization management in the application of the emergency GIS and the problem of message conversion among the heterogeneous platforms. and (3) studying the function of the two-dimensional communication system Basic function module of communication system, including two-dimensional communication based on BlazeDS and three-dimensional based on WS The invention relates to a communication and message resolution conversion function, wherein the message analysis conversion module It is based on the data exchange specification. On the basis of the above-mentioned research content, The main innovation points and the research results are as follows: (1) A data exchange specification IML. IML (Intercourse Markup La) for supporting the data integration management of two-dimensional GIS system is presented. nguage (integrated markup language) is an integrated data pipe of the two-dimensional GIS system Extension and extension in the field of logical and integrated communication. IML is based on the HGML, defines a special data type based on XML, and uses XML, KML, and GML to define the syntax. The structure and rules are compatible with the OGC-related standards. On the basis of analyzing the relevant data types and features involved in the application of the two-dimensional GIS system, the integrated data exchange specification IML is realized, and the score is compared with the existing data storage and application status. In this paper, the data storage application architecture is developed, the integration management of the data is effectively solved, and the integration The three-dimensional GIS communication function of the server communication is presented. (2) A two-dimensional integrated communication model based on the DOA architecture is proposed, based on the DOA architecture, the characteristics and types of the relevant data of the two-dimensional three-dimensional GIS system are analyzed, and the unified data management mechanism based on the IML is established. The elimination of three-dimensional GIS communication is defined Based on the concept of the data sharing and exchange of the DOA architecture and the development trend of the GIS system, the two-dimensional GIS integrated communication mechanism under the DOA architecture is designed and realized, and the data is effectively managed and exchanged. On the base of the two-dimensional integration, the paper lays a foundation for the two-dimensional integration. (3) It is designed to realize the initial application and the simple function of the two-dimensional integrated GIS system based on the integrated communication model of the DOA architecture. On the basis of the innovative work of (1) and (2), the paper based on the unified data exchange specification IM The design of L, and the establishment and implementation of the integrated communication model, together with the advantages of the two-dimensional GIS system, are applied in the emergency management. In this paper, an integrated browsing and integrated plotting function is realized. In this paper, based on the analysis of the wide application of the two-dimensional GIS to its problems, this paper gives a solution based on the DOA architecture, and designs an IML based on the unified data management specification.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208

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