基于DEM的工程土方计算方法优化分析及应用研究

发布时间：2019-06-04 07:20

【摘要】：在公路建设中，工程关心的一个重要指标就是土石方量，它直接影响到工程造价及预算。工程土方量计算方法的选择不但涉及到计算效率，而且其准确性直接影响到工程造价的控制与施工组织问题。众所周知，土方量的传统计算方法主要有断面法、格网法、等高线法和DTM法这四种，当然还有其他由这四种基本方法衍生出来新的计算方法。本文从基本原理、具体步骤两个方面对传统的土方量计算方法进行了详细的介绍，并且通过实例来进行对比分析。随着“数字地球”的相关的研究和应用在全世界范围受到广泛关注的同时，，作为“数字地球”重要支撑技术之一的数字高程模型也相应的得到了快速的发展。DEM已在测绘、遥感、城市规划、地理信息系统等各个领域有了广泛的应用。在GIS蓬勃发展的今天，DEM的应用必将是测绘和GIS领域重点研究的课题之一。本文正是从这个出发点出发，在本文的第三章着重介绍了数字高程模型的理论和方法，主要包括介绍了数字高程模型的特点、分类、表示方法、特征以及数据的获取方式和建立方法。近年来，数字高程模型被越来越多地应用在工程土石方量的计算中，所以如何将DEM模型更好地应用到工程土方量的计算中就成为了本文的研究重点。本文的核心内容是第四章和第五章。第四章讨论了数字高程模型的两种主要建模方式，即基于规则格网的DEM模型和基于不规则三角网(TIN)的DEM模型，其中着重研究了基于不规则三角网的数字高程模型在土方计算中的优化算法。笔者运用VB语言编程实现了基于上述两种模型的土方量计算方法。第五章为本文的应用部分。主要是以重庆市南岸区黄桷湾立交工程为背景，以AutoCAD Civil3D2012软件为平台，通过建立数字高程模型，精确测算了该工程中峡江路部分路段的土方量，其计算效率和精度都优于传统的计算方法。Civil3D软件还实现了对土石方施工的实时管理。
[Abstract]:In highway construction, one of the important indexes concerned by engineering is earthwork, which directly affects the cost and budget of the project. The choice of earthwork calculation method not only involves the calculation efficiency, but also directly affects the control of project cost and construction organization. As we all know, the traditional calculation methods of earthwork are mainly section method, grid method, contour method and DTM method, and of course, there are other new calculation methods derived from these four basic methods. In this paper, the traditional earthwork calculation method is introduced in detail from two aspects: basic principle and concrete steps, and an example is given to compare and analyze it. With the related research and application of "digital earth" has received extensive attention all over the world, as one of the important supporting technologies of "digital earth", digital elevation model has also been developed rapidly. Dem is already surveying and mapping. Remote sensing, urban planning, geographic information system and other fields have been widely used. With the vigorous development of GIS, the application of DEM will be one of the key research topics in the field of surveying and mapping and GIS. From this starting point, this paper focuses on the theory and method of digital elevation model in the third chapter of this paper, including the characteristics, classification and representation of digital elevation model. Features and data acquisition and establishment methods. In recent years, digital elevation model has been more and more used in the calculation of engineering earthwork, so how to better apply DEM model to the calculation of engineering earthwork has become the focus of this paper. The core content of this paper is the fourth chapter and the fifth chapter. In chapter 4, two main modeling methods of digital elevation model are discussed, namely, DEM model based on regular grid and DEM model based on irregular triangulation (TIN). The optimization algorithm of digital elevation model based on irregular triangulation in earthwork calculation is studied. In this paper, the earthwork calculation method based on the above two models is realized by using VB language programming. The fifth chapter is the application part of this paper. Based on the Huangjuewan Interchange Project in Nanan District of Chongqing City and the platform of AutoCAD Civil3D2012 software, the earthwork quantity of some sections of Xiajiang Road in this project is accurately calculated by establishing digital elevation model. Its calculation efficiency and accuracy are better than those of the traditional calculation method. Civil 3D software also realizes the real-time management of earthwork construction.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;U416.11

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