无人机倾斜摄影测量三维建模的应用试验研究

发布时间：2019-06-12 11:35

【摘要】：无人机倾斜摄影测量技术可以短时快速获取影像数据,经过多年的发展,凭借其高速灵活、高效可靠、低成本高精度等一系列的优势,在服务业、农林业、电力、国土以及城市规划等领域得到了广泛的应用,尤其是在飞行困难地区快速获取较高分辨率的遥感影像有着明显的优势,对于应急抢险、数字城市以及地理国情普查等方面发挥着举足轻重的推动作用。无人倾斜机摄影测量与传统测量方法相比具有较多优越之处,得到了社会各界的青睐。但是无人机倾斜摄影测量有一个难点就是建立三维模型,过去三维模型的建立多采用摄影测量,CAD技术,用二维建立三维,纹理都是采用人工粘贴的方法,成本偏高,还有较大的工作量问题。本文介绍的三维建模借助专门的软件建模,生成的是基于影像纹理的高分辨率倾斜摄影三维模型,纹理真实,所以可以建立更真实的三维模型。本文的主要研究方向为无人机倾斜摄影测量技术及三维建模,以及后续模型在EP S地理信息工作站中的测图应用。主要研究内容如下:首先对对无人机倾斜摄影测量三维建模技术的理论基础进行了介绍,包括无人机倾斜摄影测量技术的原理、特点和技术规范,以及三维建模的方法研究,还有无人机倾斜摄影测量三维建模的相关技术,包括多视影像预处理和匹配以及纹理映射,主要介绍了畸变差纠正,匀光匀色的常用算法,MPGC算法和多视松弛法影像匹配,以及基于倾斜航空摄影技术的纹理映射方法。然后无人机倾斜摄影测量三维建模技术应用的基础进行了介绍,包括天途无人机航摄系统,SVS近低空摄影测量软件,以及Smart3D Capture三维建模软件。最后进行了无人机倾斜摄影测量三维建模的应用,包括应用的流程,Smart3D Capture系统的建模过程,完成了实验区的三维模型的建立,并对模型的精度进行了验证,并介绍了 EPS地理信息工作站的概况,主要功能,倾斜摄影三维测图的功能,最后将Smart3D生成的模型导入EPS进行了三维测图的实验,并与传统测图模式进行了优势的对比。
[Abstract]:UAV tilt photogrammetry technology can obtain image data quickly for a short time. After many years of development, it has been widely used in service industry, agriculture and forestry, electricity, land and urban planning because of its high speed, flexibility, high efficiency and reliability, low cost and high precision. Especially, it has obvious advantages in obtaining high resolution remote sensing images quickly in difficult flight areas. Digital city and geographical situation survey play an important role in promoting. Compared with the traditional measurement method, unmanned tilting machine photogrammetry has many advantages and has been favored by all walks of life. However, one of the difficulties in UAV tilt photogrammetry is to establish three-dimensional model. In the past, photogrammetry, CAD technology, two-dimensional 3D and texture are all manual paste methods, which are expensive and have a large workload. With the help of special software modeling, the 3D modeling introduced in this paper generates a high-resolution oblique photography 3D model based on image texture, and the texture is real, so a more realistic 3D model can be established. The main research directions of this paper are UAV tilt photogrammetry technology and 3D modeling, as well as the application of subsequent models in EP S geographic information workstation. The main research contents are as follows: firstly, the theoretical basis of 3D modeling technology for UAV tilt photogrammetry is introduced, including the principle, characteristics and technical specifications of UAV tilt photogrammetry technology, as well as the research on 3D modeling method of UAV tilt photogrammetry, as well as the related technologies of 3D modeling for UAV tilt photogrammetry, including multi-view image preprocessing and matching and texture mapping, mainly introducing distortion difference correction. The common algorithms of uniform light, MPGC algorithm and multi-view relaxation method, as well as texture mapping method based on inclined aerial photography. Then the application of 3D modeling technology of UAV tilt photogrammetry is introduced, including Skyway UAV aerial photography system, SVS near-low altitude photogrammetry software, and Smart3D Capture 3D modeling software. Finally, the application of 3D modeling of UAV tilt photogrammetry is carried out, including the application flow, the modeling process of Smart3D Capture system, the establishment of 3D model in the experimental area, and the accuracy of the model is verified, and the general situation, main functions and the function of 3D mapping of tilt photography are introduced. finally, the model generated by Smart3D is introduced into EPS to carry out the experiment of 3D mapping. The advantages of the mapping model are compared with those of the traditional mapping model.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P23

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