基于GIS的湘江水环境重金属污染分布式物理过程及模拟

发布时间：2019-06-14 10:23

【摘要】：摘要：重金属污染物通过土壤、大气和工业的途径排放到水系统中,通过三种方式的汇聚,重金属最终进入到水体随水流运动。重金属通过土壤向水体中扩散是重要过程,本文引进了多孔介质的思想和原理,将土壤模拟成多孔介质,结合土壤自身的特点简化和改良了多孔介质的模型,最终得出了重金属从土壤向水体中汇聚过程的数学模型。重金属汇聚在水体中后进行迁移与转换作用,在水体中同样存在三种形态的重金属,利用微元的数学思想,对重金属三态在水体中的迁移和转换建立了数学模型,并结合傅利叶及以逆算法得出模型的解析解。从单点源与多点源角度讲述了两种污染排放形式的污染模型,单点源二维重金属污染物模型采用了基本的数学模型；多点源污染过程数学模型计算复杂并且数据量大,本文采用分段与叠加的思想,将多点源污染分解成多个单点源污染模型,最终将单个效果利用叠加算法进行叠加,模拟出多点源污染过程。以湘江为对象采用GIS技术,将重金属污染物分布式物理过程的数学模型系统实现,建立湘江重金属污染物分布式物理过程GIS系统。整个系统由管理系统与地图展示两部分组成。图47幅,表15个,参考文献50篇。
[Abstract]:Abstract: The heavy metal pollutants are discharged into the water system through the soil, the atmosphere and the industrial way, and the heavy metal finally enters into the water body to move with the water flow through the convergence of three ways. The diffusion of heavy metals into the water body through the soil is an important process. In this paper, the idea and the principle of the porous medium are introduced, the soil is simulated into a porous medium, and the model of the porous medium is simplified and improved by combining the characteristics of the soil itself. The mathematical model of the process of the heavy metal from the soil to the water was finally obtained. The heavy metal is collected in the water body for migration and conversion, and three forms of heavy metal are also present in the water body, and the mathematical model of the heavy metal three-state in the water body is established by using the mathematical thought of the micro-element, and the mathematical model is established for the migration and the transformation of the heavy metal three-state in the water body The Analysis of the Model by Using the Fourier-leaf and the Inverse Algorithm The pollution model of two types of pollution discharge is described from the point of single-point source and multi-point source, and the basic mathematical model is used for single-point source two-dimensional heavy metal pollutant model. The mathematical model of the multi-point source pollution process is complicated and the data volume is large. It is thought that the multi-point source pollution is decomposed into a plurality of single-point source pollution models, and a single effect is finally overlapped by using a superposition algorithm, so that the multi-point source pollution is simulated. A distributed physical process of heavy metal pollutants in Xiangjiang is established by using the GIS technology in Xiangjiang as the object and the mathematical model system of the distributed physical process of heavy metal pollutants. S system. The whole system is shown by the management system and the map. Composition. Figure 47, Table 15, References
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;X522

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