明、清、民国时期地图要素视觉表达方法分析

发布时间：2019-08-03 08:53

【摘要】：自明代杰出的地图学家罗洪先(1504-1564年)所编制的《广舆图》(1541年)和利玛窦带来西方精确地图测绘技术开始,中国的地图制图技术已经迈入了近代地图学的门槛,因此,明-清-民国是中国近代地图学从雏形走向成熟的完整阶段[1]。随着现代地图的应用与发展广泛、深入,抽象的概括型地图符号及普通的二维平面地图已不能满足读图者的需求,制图者开始探索虚拟现实、三维地图等表达方法,这与中国近代传统制图的写景法有异曲同工之处。所以,对中国近代地图制图技术及表现方法的研究,对于现代地图学的发展具有重要作用。本文通过阅读大量的中国近代(即明、清、民国时期)的地图资料,查阅前人的研究资料,总结和提炼了中国明、清、民国3个不同时期地图制图的技术,分别阐述了3个时期地图要素、表示方法及其制图技术的发展。
[Abstract]:Since the Ming Dynasty outstanding cartographer Luo Hongxian (1504-1564) compiled the wide Map (1541) and Ricci brought the western accurate mapping technology, China's cartography technology has entered the threshold of modern cartography. Therefore, Ming-Qing-Republic of China is the complete stage of modern Chinese cartography from embryonic form to maturity [1]. With the wide application and development of modern maps, abstract general map symbols and ordinary two-dimensional plane maps can no longer meet the needs of cartographers. Cartographers begin to explore virtual reality, three-dimensional map and other expression methods, which is similar to the traditional drawing method in modern China. Therefore, the study of modern Chinese cartography technology and representation plays an important role in the development of modern cartography. By reading a large number of map materials in modern China (that is, Ming, Qing and Republic of China) and consulting the previous research materials, this paper summarizes and abstracts the cartographic techniques in three different periods of Ming, Qing and Republic of China, and expounds the map elements, representation methods and the development of cartographic technology in the three periods respectively.
【作者单位】：武汉大学资源与环境科学学院;
【基金】：科技基础性工作专项项目“《中国近代地图志》编研”(2012FY120200)
【分类号】：P283

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