海洋溢油运动轨迹预测模型的研究与应用

发布时间：2018-06-12 13:35

本文选题：海面溢油 + 漂移扩散　；参考：《大连海事大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着对海洋资源的不断开发和利用,海洋中的溢油事故也在频繁地发生着,严重影响了海洋中的生态和环境,破坏了社会资源和经济的可持续发展,所以针对海洋溢油事故的预测和防治工作就显的特别重要。本文简要介绍了海上溢油污染事故的现状和危害,对海面石油从溢油点泄露开始经过自身扩散、漂移、分散以及复杂的风化等一系列变化直至消失的过程做了详细的综述。针对现如今频发的海洋溢油事故,本文在研究总结国内外海洋溢油数学模型的基本理论和发展现状的基础上,对溢油的移流扩散基本控制方程做了系统的推导,并结合对流扩散模式和油粒子模式等理论模型方法,建立起一个海洋溢油的扩散漂移运动数学模型,用以对海洋溢油的运动轨迹进行预测,为后续的事故应急决策提供有力的依据。文章同时根据所建立的溢油漂移预测模型,使用C#编写了相应的溢油漂移轨迹的计算程序,用以对不同风向和风力下的油膜漂移情况进行计算分析,得到不同条件下油膜的扩散半径、污染面积等数据结果。并利用以上所述的基本原理和方法,设定溢油的风场和水流环境,得到扩散和漂移的轨迹,令油膜的漂移过程更清楚直观地表现出来,让人一目了然。建立正确的海洋溢油运动模型,模拟预测溢油事故后的一系列变化过程,能够更好地帮助人们对区域海面的溢油情况进行准确实时的监测,更及时有效地制定突发性溢油事故处理的预案,做好预防和应急的工作,并尽可能减少因溢油事故所造成的损失。
[Abstract]:With the continuous exploitation and utilization of marine resources, oil spills in the ocean occur frequently, which seriously affect the ecology and environment of the ocean and destroy the sustainable development of social resources and economy. Therefore, the prediction and prevention of marine oil spill accidents is particularly important. This paper briefly introduces the present situation and harm of oil spill accidents at sea, and summarizes in detail a series of changes, such as self-diffusion, drift, dispersion and complex weathering, from oil spills to disappearing. In view of the frequent marine oil spill accidents nowadays, the basic theory and development status of marine oil spill mathematical models at home and abroad are studied and summarized in this paper, and the basic governing equations of oil spill migration and diffusion are systematically deduced. Combined with convection diffusion model and oil particle model, a mathematical model of ocean oil spill diffusion drift motion is established, which can be used to predict the motion trajectory of ocean oil spill. To provide a strong basis for the subsequent emergency decision. At the same time, according to the established prediction model of oil spill drift, the corresponding calculation program of oil spill drift trajectory is compiled with C #, which can be used to calculate and analyze the oil film drift under different wind direction and wind force. The results of diffusion radius and contamination area of oil film under different conditions were obtained. By using the basic principles and methods described above, the wind field and flow environment of oil spill are set, and the trajectory of diffusion and drift is obtained, which makes the process of oil film drift more clearly and intuitively. Establishing a correct ocean oil spill motion model and simulating and predicting a series of change processes after oil spill accident can help people to monitor the oil spill situation on the sea surface accurately and in real time. More timely and effective preparation plan for the treatment of sudden oil spill accidents, prevention and emergency work, and as far as possible to reduce the losses caused by oil spill accidents.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X55

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