不同离子型PAM的合成与应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 17:50

  本文选题：阴离子聚丙烯酰胺　切入点：阳离子聚丙烯酰胺　出处：《安徽理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：聚丙烯酰胺是丙烯酰胺单体通过均聚或与其它单体共聚形成的一种高分子聚合物,因为其独特的性质,在水处理、原油开采、造纸、食品卫生等行业中得到了广泛的应用。随着人口的增长、工业化进程的加快,导致资源的需求量不断攀升,当前及今后相当长一段时间内,我们都将面临随着水资源缺乏,水体日益复杂化以及原油开采量减少等一系列资源与环境问题,而聚丙烯酰胺对于这些问题的解决有着极其重要的作用。因此研发不同种类、性能优良的絮凝剂,以满足日益增长的消费需求,具有非常重要的意义。本文采用共聚法合成三种离子型PAM,研究了单体配比、单体质量分数、引发剂质量分数、反应温度、紫外光照射时间、溶液pH值和尿素含量等因素对聚合产物固含量、特性粘数、离子度、产品转化率以及溶解时间的影响,找出最优的聚合反应条件,为今后的工业化生产提供一定的实践依据。(1)制备APAM的最优反应条件:n(AM):n(NaAA)=1:0.35,单体质量分数32%,引发剂质量分数0.04%,光照时间2.0小时,引发温度为25℃C,溶液PH控制在6.5,尿素质量分数为4%,所得APAM固含量为41.39%,特性粘数为1260mL/g,丙烯酰胺残留量为0.029%。(2)制备CPAM的最优反应条件:n(AM):n(DMDAAC)=1:0.18,单体质量分数25%,引发剂质量分数为0.02%,紫外光照射时间为2.5小时,引发温度30℃,反应体系pH控制为6,尿素质量分数占4%,所得CPAM的固含量33.82%,特性粘数为934mL/g,丙烯酰胺残留量为0.040%。(3)制备 AmPAM 的最优反应条件:n(AM):n(NaAA):n(DMC)=1:0.63:0.14,单体质量分数为38%,引发剂质量分数为0.06%,光照时间为1.5小时,反应体系pH控制为7.5,反应温度为40℃,所得AmPAM固含量为38.06%,特性粘数为845mL/g,丙烯酰胺残留量为0.037%。(4)采用红外光谱与核磁氢谱对合成的不同离子型聚合产物的组成和结构进行分析,分析表明已经制得了目标产物。选取实验合成的三种不同离子型的聚合产物对煤泥水作絮凝效果的比较,研究了三种离子型聚合产物絮凝效果的区别。通过实验可以得出,聚合产物的种类、特性粘数、药剂的投入量、以及煤泥水的浓度等都会对使用效果产生很大影响。实验数据表明,当聚合产物作用于望峰岗矿煤泥水时,可以取得很好的絮凝效果。
[Abstract]:Polyacrylamide is a polymer formed by acrylamide monomer through homopolymerization or copolymerization with other monomers because of its unique properties in water treatment, crude oil extraction, papermaking, Food hygiene and other industries have been widely used. With the growth of population and the acceleration of industrialization, the demand for resources is constantly rising. At present and for a long time to come, we will all be faced with the shortage of water resources. A series of resource and environmental problems, such as the increasing complexity of water bodies and the reduction of crude oil extraction, and polyacrylamide (PAM) play an extremely important role in solving these problems. Therefore, different kinds of flocculants with excellent performance are developed. In order to meet the increasing demand for consumption, it is very important to synthesize three kinds of ionic PAM by copolymerization. The ratio of monomer, mass fraction of monomer, mass fraction of initiator, reaction temperature and irradiation time of ultraviolet light are studied. The effects of pH value of solution and urea content on the solid content, intrinsic viscosity, ionic degree, conversion rate and dissolution time of the polymerization product were studied, and the optimum polymerization conditions were found out. To provide some practical basis for the future industrial production) the optimum reaction conditions for the preparation of APAM are as follows: 1: nn amm: 1: 0.35, 32 mass fraction of monomer, 0.04 mass fraction of initiator, 2.0 hours of illumination, and 1: 0: 0.35, mass fraction of monomer, mass fraction of initiator, and light time of 2.0 hours. The initiation temperature is 25 鈩，

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