花椒中非法添加物的激光拉曼检测方法

发布时间：2018-03-20 06:05

  本文选题：花椒　切入点：非法添加物　出处：《湖北工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,花椒安全事件已经严重危及了人们的身体健康,人们越来越关注花椒中非法添加物问题。目前,检测花椒中非法添加物的方法很多,但大多数都是生物化学方法,这些方法的样品制备过程十分复杂,而且必须在实验室使用高端设备才能进行检测,没有方便、快捷的检测方法。为了解决这一问题,本文研究了一种激光拉曼方法来检测花椒中的非法添加物。首先,本文详细阐述了拉曼散射的基本原理,然后设计了一个便携式的激光拉曼光路,选用各种光学元器件完成了该光路,并验证了该光路的可行性。本文采用两种方法来增强拉曼信号,一是保证激光打在样品的焦点位置,另外一个是选用合适的拉曼增强试剂。本文还采用了一个黑色的密闭装置对检测过程中出现的背景噪声进行了处理,以保证检测的准确性。其次,本文通过分析花椒中非法添加物的光谱特性,制定了相应的检测方案。该方案的思路是先选择合适的溶剂,制备样品溶液然后进行检测。按照该思路,该方案是通过检测纯的非法添加物溶液并分析其光谱图,选择合适的溶剂,然后再检测混有这些非法添加物的花椒溶液并分析其光谱图。本文检测了花椒中的三种非法添加物:罗丹明B、碱性橙Ⅱ、碱性嫩黄,本文主要的检测对象是罗丹明B。本文处理了三种浓度的罗丹明B水溶液和甲醇溶液的拉曼光谱图,并对这些数据进行了分析以后,选择了对这些非法添加物检测影响较小的溶剂:水。在这个基础上,本文检测了三种浓度的样品溶液的拉曼光谱图,它们分别是混有罗丹明B的花椒溶液、混有碱性橙Ⅱ的花椒溶液和混有碱性嫩黄的花椒溶液,并对这些拉曼光谱数据进行处理与分析。最后,本文提出了一种基于多项式拟合的基底漂移校正算法,以解决在检测过程中出现的基线漂移现象。该算法结合GIFTS方法和最小二乘法,模拟出了拉曼基线,将原始光谱与基线相减,从而实现基线的校正。本文的研究结果表明,用激光拉曼检测方法检测花椒中的非法添加物时,制样简单、检测速度快、检测结果比较理想,为激光拉曼检测方法在调味品中的进一步应用提供了一些实际的参考依据。
[Abstract]:In recent years, pepper safety incidents have seriously endangered people's health, people are increasingly concerned about the problem of illegal additives in pepper. At present, there are many methods for detecting illegal additives in Chinese pepper, but most of them are biochemical methods. The process of sample preparation for these methods is very complex, and it is necessary to use high-end equipment in the laboratory in order to carry out the test. There is no convenient and quick test method. In order to solve this problem, In this paper, a laser Raman method is studied to detect illegal additives in prickly ash. Firstly, the basic principle of Raman scattering is described in detail, and then a portable laser Raman light path is designed. All kinds of optical components are used to complete the optical circuit, and the feasibility of the optical path is verified. In this paper, two methods are used to enhance the Raman signal, one is to ensure that the laser is in the focal position of the sample. The other is to select the appropriate Raman intensifier. In this paper, a black sealing device is used to deal with the background noise in the detection process to ensure the accuracy of the detection. In this paper, by analyzing the spectral characteristics of illegal additives in Zanthoxylum bungeanum, a corresponding detection scheme has been established. The idea of the scheme is to first select the appropriate solvent, prepare the sample solution and then detect it. The scheme is to select the appropriate solvent by detecting the pure illegal additive solution and analyzing its spectrogram. Then we detected the pepper solution mixed with these illegal additives and analyzed their spectrogram. In this paper, we detected three kinds of illegal additives in pepper: Rhodamine B, alkaline orange 鈪，

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