石油中间馏分中异构烷烃的分子识别

发布时间：2018-03-24 01:11

本文选题：气相色谱/质谱联用　切入点：异构烷烃　出处：《色谱》2016年02期

【摘要】：以石油加氢异构中间馏分及直馏柴油为研究对象,采用气相色谱/质谱联用技术对异构烷烃的分子形态进行了研究。实验表明各碳数异构烷烃组分在毛细管气相色谱柱上表现出明显的按取代基个数簇分离的现象。对异构烷烃的异构程度进行了表征,得到不同取代基个数的异构烷烃的保留指数(RI)定性表;同时根据化合物的质谱断裂规律,参考文献数据并结合碳数及沸点规律,对73种甲基取代的异构烷烃及10种生物标记的化合物单体进行了结构定性,并计算了保留指数。为在分子水平上认识航空煤油及柴油等石油中间馏分中的异构烷烃提供了基础。定性结果表明:在研究的加氢异构中间馏分中,异构烷烃主要由单取代基和二取代基的异构烷烃组成;而在直馏柴油中,单取代基异构烷烃和类异戊二烯类生物标记化合物丰度较高。
[Abstract]:The hydroisomerization intermediate fractions of petroleum and straight-run diesel oil were studied. The molecular morphology of iso-alkanes was studied by gas chromatography / mass spectrometry. The experimental results show that the components of iso-alkanes are separated by the number of substituents on capillary gas chromatographic column. The isomerization degree of iso-alkanes was characterized. The retention index of iso-alkanes with different number of substituents was obtained, and according to the breaking law of mass spectrum of compounds, the reference data and the rules of carbon number and boiling point were combined. The structural characterization of 73 methyl-substituted iso-alkanes and 10 biomarkers was carried out. The retention index is calculated, which provides a basis for understanding the iso-alkanes in the intermediate fractions of aviation kerosene and diesel oil at the molecular level. The qualitative results show that in the hydroisomerized intermediate fractions studied, Iso-alkanes are mainly composed of monosubstituted alkanes and disubstituted alkanes, while in straight-run diesel oil, monosubstituted iso-alkanes and isoprene biomarkers have higher abundance.
【作者单位】：中国石油化工股份有限公司石油化工科学研究院;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划“973”项目(2012CB224801)~~
【分类号】：O657.63;TE624

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