绿色植被近红外光谱特征模拟材料设计、制备及应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 09:25

本文选题：Vis-NIR　切入点：反射光谱　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：设计与绿色植被可见-近红外(Vis-NIR)反射光谱相似的模拟材料,以对抗高光谱遥感探测技术,能够提高武器的作战能力和隐蔽性。现阶段的模拟材料在近红外光区存在一定的缺点,为此,本文详细地分析了绿色健康植被在可见-近红外光区的漫反射光谱,分析论证了各个波段特征光谱的产生机理,以此为理论依据,从而设计各个波段的光谱模拟材料,将各个波段的模拟材料进行复合,得到与绿色植被在Vis-NIR光区同色同谱的模拟材料,最后以复合模拟材料为填料制备聚氨酯涂层,并分析涂层的光谱特性。主要的研究成果如下:1、通过对绿色健康植被进行可见-近红外漫反射光谱测试,得出叶绿素、叶片内部结构、水是绿色植被反射光谱的决定因素,以此为依据设计的各个波段模拟材料为:铬绿、卟啉、层状双金属氢氧化物(LDHs);2、探究了绿色植被红边产生机理,红边的产生不仅限于叶绿素,而是卟啉类化合物特有的光谱特征,红边产生的根本原因是卟啉环a2u(π)-eg(π*)跃迁产生的Q带所致,并初步归纳了红边位置的影响因素;3、通过单因素控制变量法分析了实验参数对Mg-Al-LDHs近红外反射光谱的影响,确定了最佳实验参数,借助于XRD、IR、TG、Raman等表征手段,得出Mg-Al-Cl-LDHs与绿色植被的反射光谱在近红外光区高度相似、且具有良好的热稳定性、不易失水和在紫外-可见光区高透明性等优点;并考察了含有不同金属、层间阴离子的一系列LDHs的近红外光谱,其中,过渡金属参与的LDHs在紫外-可见光区(UV-Vis)有独特的吸收峰,归因于类水镁石层过渡金属离子的d-d跃迁。4、以铬绿、树叶粉、LDHs为光谱模拟材料进行复合,与绿色植被在Vis-NIR光区进行反射光谱相似度比较,确定最佳配比的复合材料,以此复合材料为填料,并添加适量的反射率调节剂,制备了与绿色植被反射光谱高度相似的聚氨酯涂层,并做相似度计算。
[Abstract]:A simulation material similar to the visible-near infrared (NIR) reflectance spectrum of green vegetation is designed to counter the hyperspectral remote sensing detection technology which can improve the combat capability and concealment of the weapon.In this paper, the diffuse reflectance spectra of green and healthy vegetation in the visible and near infrared region are analyzed in detail, and the mechanism of characteristic spectra in each band is analyzed.Based on this theory, the spectral simulation material of each band is designed, and the simulation material of each band is recombined to obtain the same color and same spectrum material as green vegetation in the Vis-NIR light region.Finally, polyurethane coating was prepared with composite simulation material as filler, and the spectral characteristics of the coating were analyzed.The main research results are as follows: 1. Through the visible-near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy test of green and healthy vegetation, it is concluded that chlorophyll, leaf internal structure and water are the decisive factors of green vegetation reflectance spectrum.The root cause of red edge is the Q band produced by the transition of porphyrin ring a2u (蟺 -egu), and the influence factor of red edge position is summarized preliminarily. The influence of experimental parameters on the near-infrared reflectance spectrum of Mg-Al-LDHs is analyzed by single factor control variable method.The optimum experimental parameters were determined. By means of the characterization of Mg-Al-Cl-LDHs and green vegetation, it was found that the reflectance spectra of Mg-Al-Cl-LDHs and green vegetation were highly similar in the near infrared region, and had the advantages of good thermal stability, low water loss and high transparency in the UV-visible region.The near infrared spectra of a series of LDHs containing different metals and interlaminar anions were investigated. Among them, LDHs with transition metal participation had a unique absorption peak in the UV-Vis-visible region.The d-d transition. 4, attributed to the transition metal ions in brucite-like layer, was composed of chromium-green and leaf powder LDHs as the spectral simulation materials, and compared with the green vegetation in the Vis-NIR light region to determine the optimum ratio of composite materials.The polyurethane coating which is similar to the green vegetation reflectance spectrum was prepared and the similarity was calculated by using the composite material as filler and adding appropriate reflectance regulator.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB34;O657.33

【参考文献】