碳基量子点的功能化修饰与性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 01:18

本文选题：碳基量子点　切入点：功能化修饰　出处：《北京理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文对碳基量子点进行功能化修饰和有序组装,设计并制备新型的碳基功能材料。发展了水热法和电化学法两种方法制备石墨烯量子点。由于所制备的石墨烯量子点表面富含含氧官能团,不仅赋予石墨烯量子点良好的水溶性,使量子点表面带有电荷,而且提供了与各种无机物、有机物、聚合物或生物物种之间进行功能化反应的可能,为组装具有功能结构的材料提供了更广阔的平台。一方面,我们通过一步水热处理法,使石墨烯量子点自发还原并自组装修饰在类石墨相氮化碳纳米片上,形成独特的纳米复合物,作为一种新型的非金属催化剂,其在氧化还原反应中表现出显著增强的催化活性,且催化性能远远高于其单一的石墨烯量子点和类石墨相氮化碳材料,甚至可以与一些石墨烯基材料相比。本工作所研究的纳米复合物为制备新型基于类石墨相氮化碳的纳米结构材料提供了新的方法。另一方面,我们通过一步电化学沉积的方法,由石墨烯量子点组装制备出结晶化的石墨烯纳米胶囊。通过调控不同电极和反应溶剂,可控制石墨烯纳米胶囊的形成。通过实验推测石墨烯纳米胶囊的形成机理是基于氢气气泡提供的软模板而产生的。而且,当石墨烯纳米胶囊与石墨烯片结合后,表现出氧化还原催化活性。这项研究为设计和合成基于纳米结构的结晶化石墨烯开拓了新的机会,而且有希望作为先进器件的候选材料。
[Abstract]:In this paper, functional modification and ordered assembly of carbon based quantum dots (QDs) were carried out, and novel carbon functional materials were designed and prepared.Hydrothermal and electrochemical methods were developed to prepare graphene quantum dots.Because the surface of graphene quantum dots is rich in oxygen-containing functional groups, it not only endows graphene quantum dots with good water solubility and makes the surface of quantum dots charged, but also provides various inorganic compounds, organic compounds, and organic compounds.The possibility of functionalized reactions between polymers or biological species provides a broader platform for assembling functional materials.On the one hand, we make graphene quantum dots spontaneously reduce and self-assemble on graphite-like carbon nitride nanoparticles by one step hydrothermal treatment, and form unique nanocomposites as a new kind of nonmetallic catalyst.Its catalytic activity in the redox reaction is significantly enhanced, and its catalytic activity is much higher than that of its single graphene quantum dots and graphite-like carbon nitride materials, and can even be compared with some graphene based materials.The nanocomposites studied in this work provide a new method for the preparation of novel graphite-like carbon nitride nanostructures.On the other hand, we prepared crystalline graphene nanocapsules by one-step electrochemical deposition from graphene quantum dots.The formation of graphene nanocapsules can be controlled by regulating different electrodes and reaction solvents.The formation mechanism of graphene nanocapsule is based on the soft template provided by hydrogen bubble.Moreover, when graphene nanocapsule binds to graphene sheet, it shows redox catalytic activity.This study opens up new opportunities for the design and synthesis of crystalline graphene based on nanostructures and is promising as a candidate for advanced devices.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：O613.71

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