在瓜环存在下表面活性剂在溶液和矿物上的聚集行为和吸附作用的研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 23:01

本文选题：表面活性剂 + 瓜环　；参考：《贵州大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：瓜环是由苷脲单元通过亚甲基桥连作用而形成的笼状化合物。它具有疏水性空腔和极性较强的羰基端口。研究瓜环与表面活性剂的相互作用,在分子识别、生物过程分析、生化反应、药物传输及荧光感应等领域具有重要的应用价值。第一章概述了表面活性剂和瓜环的性质及研究现状。第二章制备了联吡啶型客体分子:1-甲基-1,-辛烷基-4,4,-联吡啶碘溴盐。以4,4’-联吡啶为起始原料,将它与碘代甲烷反应得到中间体1-甲基-4,4,-联吡啶,再将中间体与溴代辛烷反应得到联吡啶型表面活性剂,总收率为57%。经红外光谱、核磁光谱等进行结构表征确定了合成的目标产物。第三章制备了客体分子:Gemini型表面活性剂。利用N,N,N,N-四甲基乙二铵、溴代十二烷作为主要原料,通过一步法制得Gemini表面活性剂,总收率为87.5%。经红外光谱、核磁光谱等进行结构表征确定了合成的目标产物。第四章采用核磁氢谱、紫外光谱及等温滴定量热法等研究了传统表面活性剂与瓜环的相互作用。包括:联吡啶型表面活性剂与八元瓜环的相互作用、十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)与瓜环(Q[7]、Q[8])的相互作用。联吡啶型表面活性剂与Q[8]可以自发地形成包结比为1:1的超分子体系,驱动力是焓变。DTAB的疏水链是以折叠弯曲形式存在于八元瓜环空腔,两者可以形成包结比为1:1的超分子体系,驱动力主要是焓变。八元瓜环与DTAB的焓变明显大于七元瓜环与DTAB作用的焓变。前者的稳定常数大于后者的稳定常数。DTAB与Q[7]、Q[8]有着不同的作用模式。第五章采用核磁氢谱、等温滴定量热法等研究了Gemini表面活性剂与瓜环的相互作用。Gemini表面活性剂的疏水链中部分碳氢链可以进入瓜环(Q[7]或Q[8])空腔,自发形成1:2的超分子体系,驱动力是焓变和熵变,且以焓变为主。第六章利用表面张力法和荧光探针法研究了瓜环对表面活性剂溶液表面性质和自聚集行为的影响。加入八元瓜环后,联吡啶型表面活性剂溶液的临界胶束浓度cmc增大,最低表面张力γcmc增大,饱和吸附量Гmax减小,极限占有面积Amin增大,pC20减小,表面压Πcmc减小。瓜环增加了形成预胶束所需的表面活性剂的浓度。加入瓜环(Q[7]、Q[8])后,Gemini表面活性剂溶液的临界胶束浓度cmc增大,最低表面张力γcmc增大,饱和吸附量Гmax减小,极限占有面积Amin增大,pC20减小,表面压Πcmc减小。与七元瓜环相比,八元瓜环更能增加表面活性剂的cmc。瓜环(Q[7]、Q[8])降低了Gemini表面活性剂的胶团聚集数。七元瓜环降低了表面活性剂的发泡能力和泡沫稳定性。瓜环可以调节泡沫的性能,而且它具有可逆可控的特点。第七章以传统表面活性剂十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)和Gemini表面活性剂为模型化合物,研究在瓜环存在时表面活性剂在石英表面的吸附作用。首先以接触角法确定表面活性剂与瓜环形成超分子体系的作用比。瓜环(Q[7]或Q[8])降低了DTAB溶液或Gemini表面活性剂溶液在石英表面的最大接触角。在没有瓜环存在时,Gemini表面活性剂在石英表面的吸附分为三个过程。加入瓜环后,Gemini表面活性剂在石英表面的吸附可分为四个过程。
[Abstract]:The melon ring is a cage like compound formed by the action of methylene bridge through the action of the methylene bridge. It has a hydrophobic cavity and a very strong carbonyl port. The study of the interaction between the melon ring and the surfactant has important application value in the fields of molecular recognition, biological process analysis, biochemical reaction, drug transmission and fluorescence induction. In chapter second, the properties and research status of surfactant and melon ring are summarized. In the second chapter, bipyridine type guest molecules: methyl -1, - octane -4,4, - bipyridine iodide bromide. 4,4 '- bipyridine is used as the starting material to obtain the intermediate 1- methyl -4,4, - bipyridine, and then the intermediate is reacted with bromo octane to obtain bipyridine, and then the intermediate is reacted with bromo octane to get bipyridine. The total yield of the pyridine surfactant is 57%., the target product is determined by the structure characterization of IR, NMR and so on. In the third chapter, the guest molecule, Gemini surfactant, is prepared by using N, N, N, N- four methyl ethanediamine and brominated twelve alkane as the main raw material, and the total yield is 87. by one step method. The target products were determined by the structure characterization of 5%. by IR, NMR and so on. In the fourth chapter, the interaction between the traditional surfactant and the melon ring was studied by NMR, UV and isothermal titration, including the interaction between the bipyridine surfactants and the eight yuan melon ring, and the twelve alkyl three methyl bromide The interaction between ammonium (DTAB) and Q[7] (Q[8]). The bipyridyl surfactants and Q[8] can spontaneously form a supramolecular system with a inclusion ratio of 1:1. The driving force is that the hydrophobic chain of the enthalpy.DTAB exists in the form of eight yuan melon ring cavity in the form of folding and bending. Both can form a supramolecular system with a inclusion ratio of 1:1, and the driving force is mainly enthalpy. The enthalpy change of the eight yuan melon ring and DTAB is obviously greater than the enthalpy of the action of seven yuan melon ring and DTAB. The stability constant of the former is greater than the stability constant of the latter.DTAB and Q[7], and Q[8] has different modes of action. The fifth chapter studies the interaction of Gemini surface active agent and the.Gemini surfactant of the melon ring by using the nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum and isothermal titration calorimetry. Part of the hydrogen chain in the hydrophobic chain can enter the cavity of the melon ring (Q[7] or Q[8]) and spontaneously form a supramolecular system of 1:2. The driving force is the enthalpy and entropy change, and it is mainly enthalpy. The sixth chapter studies the effect of the melon ring on the surface properties and the self aggregation behavior of the surfactant solution by the surface tension method and the fluorescence probe method. After adding the eight yuan melon ring, the combination of the surface tension method and the fluorescence probe method is used. The critical micelle concentration of pyridine surfactant CMC increases, the minimum surface tension gamma CMC increases, the saturation adsorption amount Max decreases, the limit area Amin increases, the pC20 decreases, and the surface pressure CMC decreases. The melon ring increases the concentration of the surface active agent needed to form the Premicelle. After adding the Q[7], Q[8], the Gemini surface active agent solution is added. The critical micelle concentration CMC increases, the minimum surface tension gamma CMC increases, the saturated adsorption amount Max decreases, the limit area Amin increases, the pC20 decreases, and the surface pressure CMC decreases. Compared with the seven yuan melon ring, the eight yuan melon ring can increase the cmc. melon ring (Q[7], Q[8]) of the surfactant (Q[7], Q[8]) to reduce the aggregation number of the Gemini surfactants. Seven yuan melon ring descends. The foaming ability and foam stability of the surface active agent are lower. The melon ring can regulate the performance of the foam, and it has the characteristics of reversible and controllable. In the seventh chapter, the traditional surfactant, twelve alkyl three methyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) and the Gemini surface active agent, are used as model compounds to study the absorption of surfactant on the surface of quartz when the melon ring exists. Effect. First, the contact angle method is used to determine the action ratio of the surfactant and the melon ring to form the supramolecular system. The melon ring (Q[7] or Q[8]) reduces the maximum contact angle of the DTAB solution or the Gemini surfactant solution on the quartz surface. In the absence of the melon ring, the adsorption of Gemini surfactants on the surface of the stone is divided into three processes. After that, the adsorption of Gemini surfactants on quartz surface can be divided into four processes.

【学位授予单位】：贵州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：O647

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