过渡金属复合材料催化转化生物质基平台化合物制备有机小分子的研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 03:15

本文选题：乙酰丙酸甲酯 + 有机小分子　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着科学的发展和人类社会的日益进步,化石能源的过度使用逐渐加重了环境污染的现象,因此,寻找理想的清洁能源并加以开发利用变得尤为重要。在众多可再生能源中,生物质常被看作是一种具有潜力的重要能源的替代品,所以,开发生物质能是现今解决能源问题和环境问题的重要之举。最近,科学家们逐步开发和研究利用化学以及生物的方法转化生物质合成工业燃料和具有高价值的化学品。在众多的研究里,催化生物质基平台化合物合成高附加价值的有机小分子备受关注,这些有机小分子能被有效利用到工业、农业和制造业中。第二章中,针对催化乙酰丙酸甲酯合成γ-戊内酯、1,4-戊二醇和正戊醇的反应,我们利用不同的合成方法制备了各种铜负载氧化锆的催化剂,并研究了影响该催化剂催化能力的主要因素。通过比较,铜锆摩尔比为2.5:1,焙烧温度为550°C时制备的2.5-CZ-550催化剂活性更高,因为其表面拥有更多的活性组分、丰富的酸含量和适当的比表面积。在各自最佳的反应条件下,γ-戊内酯、1,4-戊二醇和正戊醇的产率分别能达到75%、39%和13.8%。在第三章里,针对催化葡萄糖合成5-羟甲基糠醛的反应,我们利用不同的合成方法制备了各种磷酸锆负载纳米二氧化碳过渡金属复合材料,并研究了影响其催化能力的主要因素。通过比较,锆磷投料摩尔比为1:1,掺杂二氧化钛量为0.2g制备的1-ZP-TiO_2-0.2催化剂活性更高,因为其拥有更多的酸含量、更为合适的Lewis酸/Br?nsted酸比例。此外,温度的控制和催化体系的选择对催化反应的结果有显著的影响,在180°C下饱和氯化钠溶液-四氢呋喃体系中,1-ZP-TiO_2-0.2催化葡萄糖合成HMF转化率和产率分别能达到90%和50%。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and the progress of human society, the excessive use of fossil energy has gradually aggravated the phenomenon of environmental pollution. Therefore, it is very important to find the ideal clean energy and to develop and utilize it. Among the many renewable energy sources, biomass is often regarded as an important energy substitute with potential. Therefore, the development of biomass energy is an important measure to solve the energy and environmental problems. Recently, scientists have gradually developed and studied the use of chemical and biological methods to convert biomass to industrial fuels and high-value chemicals. In many studies, the synthesis of organic small molecules with high added value by catalyzing biomass based platform compounds has attracted much attention. These organic small molecules can be effectively used in industry, agriculture and manufacturing. In the second chapter, for the catalytic synthesis of 纬 -pentanolactone and n-pentanol from methyl levulinate, we prepared various kinds of copper-supported zirconia catalysts by different synthesis methods. The main factors affecting the catalytic activity of the catalyst were studied. By comparison, the 2.5-CZ-550 catalyst prepared at the molar ratio of 2.5: 1 and calcination temperature of 550 掳C has higher activity because of its more active components, abundant acid content and proper specific surface area. Under the optimum reaction conditions, the yields of 1-pentanediol and n-pentanol can reach 75% 39% and 13. 8%, respectively. In Chapter 3, in order to catalyze the synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from glucose, various kinds of zirconium phosphate supported nano-carbon dioxide transition metal composites were prepared by different synthesis methods. The main factors affecting its catalytic ability were studied. By comparison, the 1-ZP-TiO_2-0.2 catalyst prepared by adding zirconium and phosphorus with molar ratio of 1: 1 and doped titanium dioxide of 0.2 g has higher activity because it has more acid content and more suitable ratio of Lewis acid / Brnsted acid. In addition, the control of temperature and the selection of catalytic system have a significant effect on the results of catalytic reaction. In the saturated sodium chloride solution-tetrahydrofuran system at 180 掳C, the conversion and yield of HMF catalyzed by 1-ZP-TiO2-0.2 can reach 90% and 50%, respectively.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O643.36

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