Pd-Ni双金属催化剂的制备、表征及脱氯性能的研究
发布时间:2018-04-26 15:03
本文选题:Pd-Ni双金属催化剂 + 沉积条件 ; 参考:《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文
【摘要】:Pd-Ni双金属催化剂普遍应用于化工、食品和环保等领域,目前主要制备方法是浸渍法,但该法制备的催化剂存在分散度不高、活性金属利用率低及脱氯效果不理想等问题。本文采用超声波-化学沉淀法制备不同载体的Pd-Ni双金属催化剂。研究了沉积、焙烧及还原过程的最佳工艺条件,采用激光粒度分析议、X射线衍射仪、差热分析议、透射电子显微镜和N2吸附-脱附仪等对催化剂成分、物相和性能进行表征,同时研究了催化剂用于漂白紫胶催化加氢脱氯性能。结果表明:以γ-Al2O3为载体的Pd-Ni双金属催化剂的最佳沉积条件为pH12、钯镍质量比1:1、搅拌时间2h、溶液温度40 ℃、分散剂质量3%、搅拌速率500 r/min、超声时间5 min和超声强度60%(720 W),在此条件下,粒度分布集中,催化剂颗粒尺寸从14.07 μm降低至5.07 μm,有效的降低了颗粒间团聚效应;以Si02为载体的Pd-Ni双金属催化剂的最佳沉积条件为pH11.5、钯镍质量比1:1、溶液温度35 ℃、搅拌时间1h、分散剂质量4%、搅拌速率500 r/min、超声时间7min和超声强度20%(240W);以γ-A1203-Si02为载体的Pd-Ni双金属催化剂的最佳沉积条件为pH11.5、钯镍质量比1:1、载体质量比1:1、搅拌时间1 h、溶液温度30 ℃、分散剂质量3%、搅拌速率500 r/min、超声时间7 min和超声强度40%(480 W),且发现沉积时间、超声时间和超声强度对催化剂粒径及粒度分布影响较为显著。通过差热差重和XRD分析确定的催化剂焙烧还原条件:(1)载体y-A1203:焙烧温度600 ℃、焙烧时间2h,还原温度500 ℃、还原时间2h;(2)载体Si02:焙烧温度600 ℃、焙烧时间2.5 h,还原温度500 ℃、还原时间2h;(3)载体γ-Al203-SiO2:焙烧温度550 ℃、焙烧时间2.5h,还原温度500 ℃、还原时间2h。三种Pd-Ni双金属催化剂还原后均存在少量NiO物相,Pd物相结晶度较好,发现物相特征峰均向右偏移,认为产生Pd-Ni合金。催化剂用于紫胶加氢脱氯的研究表明:在液固比7:1、催化剂8 g/L、氢气流量0.1 L/min、反应温度90 ℃、反应时间4h、搅拌速率300 r/min条件下:(1)Pd-Ni/γ-Al203催化剂脱氯后紫胶中氯含量为0.43%;(2)Pd-Ni/SiO2催化剂脱氯后紫胶中氯含量为0.48%;(3)Pd-Ni/γ-Al203-Si02催化剂脱氯后紫胶中氯含量为0.38%。发现Pd-Ni/γ-Al203-SiO2双金属催化剂具有更高的脱氯效果。此外,三种双金属催化剂脱氯后紫胶中氯含量均符合欧美标准,同时达到国内食品、医药行业要求。
[Abstract]:Pd-Ni bimetallic catalysts are widely used in chemical, food and environmental protection fields. At present, the main preparation method is impregnation method. However, the catalyst prepared by this method has some problems such as low dispersion, low utilization rate of active metals and unsatisfactory dechlorination effect. In this paper, Pd-Ni bimetallic catalysts with different supports were prepared by ultrasonic-chemical precipitation method. The optimum process conditions of deposition, roasting and reduction were studied. The composition, phase and properties of the catalyst were characterized by laser particle size analysis, differential thermal analysis, transmission electron microscope and N2 adsorption-desorption apparatus. The catalytic hydrogenation dechlorination of bleached lac was also studied. The results show that the optimum deposition conditions of Pd-Ni bimetallic catalyst supported on 纬 -Al _ 2O _ 3 are pH 12, mass ratio of palladium and nickel 1: 1, stirring time 2 h, solution temperature 40 鈩,
本文编号:1806523
本文链接:https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/huaxue/1806523.html
教材专著