基于异靛蓝和吡咯并吡咯二酮单元的D-A-D型有机光伏材料的合成及性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 22:18

本文选题：有机小分子太阳能 + D-A-D型　；参考：《湘潭大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：与其它应用新能源的方法相比,有机太阳能电池的优势是低成本、轻质量等,从而成为新能源发展的重要方向。本论文阐述了有机太阳能电池及其给体材料的研究现状,并对于其存在的各种问题,如能量转换效率低等进行了系统分析。设计合成了一类基于异靛蓝单元和芘单元和一类基于吡咯并吡咯二酮单元和咔唑单元的D-A-D型小分子光伏材料,通过核磁共振谱和质谱等表征了有机中间体和目标化合物的分子结构;并研究了这些D-A-D型材料的光物理、电化学、热稳定性;以合成的小分子为给体材料制备本体异质结小分子太阳能电池,研究了材料的光伏性能,取得了如下研究结果:1)设计并合成了以异靛蓝(IID)单元为受体,芘(Py)单元为给体材料的D-A-D型小分子材料IID(Py)2,IID(Ac-Py)2和IID(Th-Py)2,通过在D-A单元之间引入π桥,系统的研究了π桥对于小分子光伏性能的影响。与没有π桥的IID(Py)2相比,含有乙炔基和噻吩基作为π桥的小分子IID(Ac-Py)2和IID(Th-Py)2呈现出了更长的共轭度,显示了更宽的吸收,更低的HOMO能级,这对于获得良好的光伏性能是有益的。其中,基于IID(Th-Py)2的本体异质结小分子太阳能电池(BHJ-SMOSCs)的光伏性能最好,其能量转换效率(PCE)、短路电流(Jsc)、开路电压(Voc)和填充因子(FF)分别为1.39%、4.10 mA/cm2、1.01 V和33.67%。2)设计并合成了以吡咯并吡咯二酮(DPP)单元为受体,咔唑(Cz)单元为给体的D-A-D型小分子DPP-C12-DCz,DPP-C16-DCz,DPP-C20-DCz,系统的研究了DPP单元酰胺基团上烷基侧链长度对小分子光伏性能的影响。研究表明,烷基侧链的延长可以很好的改善分子的溶解性,从而影响器件中供受体共混膜的表面形貌和相分离度,最终影响它们的载流子迁移率和PCE值。其中,基于DPP-C16-DCz的本体异质结小分子太阳能电池(BHJ-SMOSCs)的光伏性能最好,其能量转换效率(PCE)、短路电流(Jsc)、开路电压(Voc)和填充因子(FF)分别为1.19%、5.09 mA/cm2、0.69V、33.76%。
[Abstract]:Compared with other methods of applying new energy, the advantages of organic solar cells are low cost, light quality and so on, thus becoming an important direction of new energy development. In this paper, the research status of organic solar cells and their donor materials is reviewed, and some problems, such as low energy conversion efficiency, are systematically analyzed. A class of D-A-D small molecule photovoltaic materials based on isoindigo unit and pyrene unit and pyrrolidinone unit and carbazole unit were designed and synthesized. The molecular structures of organic intermediates and target compounds were characterized by NMR and MS, and the photophysical, electrochemical and thermal stability of these D-A-D type materials were studied. The photovoltaic properties of bulk heterojunction small molecule solar cells were studied by using the synthesized small molecules as donor materials. The following results were obtained: 1) the IID-unit was designed and synthesized. The pyrene pyridine unit is a D-A-D type small molecular material IID-Py-PY2 and IID-Th-Pyt2. By introducing 蟺 bridge between D-A units, the effects of 蟺 bridge on the photovoltaic properties of small molecules are systematically studied. Compared with IID(Py)2 without 蟺 -bridge, IID(Ac-Py)2 and IID(Th-Py)2 with acetylene group and thiophene group as 蟺 -bridge show longer conjugation degree, wider absorption and lower HOMO energy level, which is beneficial to obtain good photovoltaic performance. Among them, the bulk heterojunction small molecule solar cell (BHJ-SMOSCs) based on IID(Th-Py)2 has the best photovoltaic performance. Its energy conversion efficiency, short circuit current, open circuit voltage and filling factor are 1.39 Ma / cm ~ 2 1.01 V and 33.67..2), respectively, designed and synthesized with pyrrole pyrrolidine diketone (DPP) unit as its receptor. The effect of the length of alkyl side chain on the photovoltaic properties of D-A-D small molecule DPP-C12-DCz-DPP-C16-DCz-DPP-C16-DCz-DPP-C20-DCz. has been systematically studied by using a small molecule DPP-C12-DCz-DPP-C12-DCz-DPP-C16-DCz-DPP-C16-DCz-DPP-C16-DCz-DPP-C16-DCzC20-DCz. The results show that the prolongation of the alkyl side chain can improve the solubility of the molecules, thus affecting the surface morphology and phase separation degree of the donor receptor blend film, and ultimately affecting their carrier mobility and PCE value. Among them, the bulk heterojunction small molecule solar cell (BHJ-SMOSCs) based on DPP-C16-DCz has the best photovoltaic performance, its energy conversion efficiency is higher than that of the PCEC, the short circuit current is Jsci, the open circuit voltage is Vocabulary, and the filling factor is 1.19 / 5.09 Ma / cm / 20.69 V33.766.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：O626;TM914.4

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