无外接电源富集装置-手持式XRF现场分析水体中重金属

发布时间：2018-05-05 15:59

本文选题：手持式XRF + 无外接电源　；参考：《光谱学与光谱分析》2017年01期

【摘要】：水体中重金属污染越来越受到人们的关注与重视,急需开发高效低耗、利于推广的便携式的水质检测技术,帮助地质及环境领域的工作者现场获取实验数据,对污染区域及时做出准确的水体环境评价,有助于水体污染的预防与治理工作。采用无外接电源的富集装置,在pH 4的条件下以S-930螯合树脂捕集水体中的重金属,经抽滤制得均匀薄膜样,再使用手持式XRF现场分析水体中Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn和Pb等6种重金属元素。各元素标准曲线的相关性r0.992,方法检出限为5.8~18.6μg·L-1,精确度基本控制在15%RSD以内。方法应用于我国东北某矿区周边采集的20余个地表/下水样品的现场分析,检测结果与实验室ICP-MS结果进行了对比:两种方法的Pb,Ni和Cu一致性良好;Zn和Mn含量高的样品,ICP-MS结果高于现场XRF结果,可能因溶液中存在细微悬浮颗粒引起,但总体趋势一致;两种方法对水质类型的总体判断结果一致。本法使用的富集和测量装置体积小、重量轻、便于携带,不使用外接电源,可在12h内现场完成10个水体样品的采集、前处理操作、结果获取及数据处理等工作,避免实验室分析方法检测工作中存在的交通运输、测试周期长、测试成本高等问题,基本具备了在偏远地区现场分析水体中六种重金属元素、评定水质的能力,具有较好的推广应用前景。
[Abstract]:People pay more and more attention to heavy metal pollution in water body. It is urgent to develop high efficiency and low consumption and portable water quality detection technology to help workers in geological and environmental fields to obtain experimental data on the spot. Timely and accurate assessment of water environment in polluted areas is helpful to the prevention and control of water pollution. A enrichment device without external power supply was used to capture heavy metals in water with S-930 chelating resin under pH 4. Homogeneous film samples were obtained by leaching and filtration. Six heavy metal elements, such as MnFeFeFeNiNiCU Zn and Pb, were analyzed in situ by hand-held XRF. The correlation of the standard curve of each element is r 0.992.The detection limit of the method is 5.8g / L ~ (-1), and the precision is basically controlled within 15%RSD. The method was applied to the field analysis of more than 20 surface / water samples collected around a mining area in northeast China. The results were compared with the results of laboratory ICP-MS. The results of ICP-MS of the samples with high content of Pb, Ni and Cu were higher than those of the field XRF, which might be caused by the existence of fine suspended particles in the solution, but the general trend was the same. The results of the two methods are consistent with those of the general judgment of water quality types. The enrichment and measurement device used in this method is small in volume, light in weight, easy to carry, and without external power supply. It can complete the collection, pre-processing operation, result acquisition and data processing of 10 water samples in 12 hours. To avoid the problems of transportation, long test period and high test cost in the detection of laboratory analysis methods, it basically has the ability to analyze six heavy metal elements in water bodies in remote areas and assess water quality. It has a good prospect of popularization and application.
【作者单位】：国家地质实验测试中心;中国地质大学(武汉)材料与化学学院;
【基金】：国土资源公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201311013) 中国地质大调查项目(12120113091000)资助
【分类号】：X832;O657.34

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