基于联二萘酚有机空穴传输分子的合成及其在钙钛矿电池中的应用

发布时间：2018-05-08 18:53

本文选题：钙钛矿太阳能电池 + 空穴传输材料　；参考：《天津理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当今世界面临能源和环境两大问题。太阳能因其巨大的能量供应备受瞩目。近年来,钙钛矿太阳能电池由于其原料广泛,制备工艺简单受到了广泛关注。空穴传输层作为钙钛矿电池的重要组成部分是当前研究的热点。本论文设计合成新型的有机小分子替代价格昂贵的spiro-OMeTAD作为空穴传输材料。并且研究其作为空穴传输层的钛矿太阳能电池的光伏性能。论文首先设计合成了3种新型有机空穴传输材料(Q197、Q198,和Q205),对其化学结构和物理性质进行了表征,并作为空穴传输材料应用到钙钛矿太阳能电池中,研究了空穴传输分子的光物理性质和电池的光伏性能与空穴传输分子结构的关系。发现基于联二萘酚的空穴传输材料表现了良好的光伏性能,开路电压和光电流均高于联二苯酚的空穴传输材料,联二萘酚基团增加了母核的共轭性,提高材料的导电性。在4-叔丁基吡啶(TBP)用量减少40%的条件下,Q197获得最高的光电转换效率,达到8.38%,接近在相同条件下spiro-OMeTAD的光电转化效率(8.73%)。此外,给体结构对空穴传输特性影响也很大,2,7-咔唑基-对(4-甲氧基-苯基)胺基明显增加了电池的光电流,3,6-咔唑基-对(4-甲氧基-苯基)胺基则能提高电池的开路电压。为了提高上述合成的空穴传输材料溶解性,改善成膜性能,在母核上引入苄基和己基侧链,设计合成了Q221和Q222。研究发现,基于侧链为刚性较大的苄基化合物Q221电池的开路电压达到945mV,光电转化效率高达10.05%,与相同条件下spiro-OMeTAD相当(10.06%)。当掺杂剂(Li-TFSI和TBP)浓度减少50%时,仍表现出良好的导电性和空穴传输能力,获得更高光电转化效率(10.37%),优于明星分子spiro-OMeTAD。苄基的引入不仅提高电池的光伏性能,还增强了电池的稳定性,在持续光照200小时后,电池的光电转化效率只降低50%。
[Abstract]:The world today faces two major problems: energy and environment. Solar energy has attracted much attention for its huge energy supply. In recent years, perovskite solar cells have attracted wide attention due to their wide range of raw materials and simple preparation process. As an important part of perovskite battery, hole transport layer is a hot research topic. In this paper, a novel organic small molecule is designed and synthesized to replace the expensive spiro-OMeTAD as a hole transport material. The photovoltaic performance of TIO _ 2 solar cells as a hole transport layer is also studied. Three new organic hole transport materials, Q197, Q198 and Q205, were designed and synthesized in this paper. Their chemical structure and physical properties were characterized and used as hole-transport materials in perovskite solar cells. The photophysical properties of hole-transport molecules and the relationship between the photovoltaic properties of the cells and the hole-transport molecular structure are studied. It is found that the hole transport material based on binaphthol has good photovoltaic performance, the open circuit voltage and photocurrent are both higher than those of the diphenol, and the conjugation property of the parent nucleus is increased and the conductivity of the material is improved by the binarynaphthol group. Under the condition of 40% reduction in the dosage of 4- tert-Ding Ji pyridine, the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency of Q197 was obtained, which was 8.38%, which was close to that of spiro-OMeTAD under the same conditions (8.73%). In addition, the donor structure has a great effect on the hole transport characteristics and the open circuit voltage of the battery can be improved by increasing the photocurrent of the battery. In order to improve the solubility and film-forming properties of the synthesized hole-transport materials, benzyl and hexyl side chains were introduced into the parent nucleus and Q221 and Q222 were designed and synthesized. It is found that the open circuit voltage of benzyl compound Q221 based on the relatively rigid side chain is 945mV, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is 10.05, which is equivalent to that of spiro-OMeTAD under the same conditions. When the concentration of Li-TFSI and TBP is reduced by 50%, the dopants still exhibit good conductivity and hole transport ability, and obtain a higher photoelectric conversion efficiency of 10.37%, which is better than spiro-OMeTAD. The introduction of benzyl not only improves the photovoltaic performance of the cell, but also enhances the stability of the cell. After 200 hours of continuous illumination, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the cell is only reduced by 50%.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O621.2;TM914.4

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