镍基电催化剂的制备及析氢性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 12:28

本文选题：电解水 + 析氢反应　；参考：《深圳大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着能源危机以及环境污染的日益加剧,各种新能源和可再生能源的开发已受到世界各国的高度重视,而氢气作为二次能源以其清洁无污染、高效、可储存和运输等优点,被视为最为理想的能源载体。在目前的众多制氢技术中电解水制氢对于未来解决能源危机和环境问题具有极大的价值。催化在有效的工艺和系统的设计中起着至关重要的作用,能够最大限度地提高原料的价值,同时可以减少废物产生和能源需求。在电解水析氢反应(HER)中,高效的电解水催化剂是非常必要的,当前,主导的电解水催化剂为贵金属铂,其拥有优异的催化活性,但是考虑到经济成本,我们需要寻找具有高效催化性能的新型催化剂。本文围绕金属镍基材料展开研究,通过制备结构新颖金属镍基HER催化剂并研究其析氢性能,得到了如下研究结果:1.通过简单的水热法制备出可量产负载少量Pd纳米颗粒(~6%原子比)的Ni_3P/Ni-Pd纳米球。结果显示Ni_3P/Ni-Pd纳米球在酸性条件下电流密度达到10 mA·cm-2的过电势(?10)为100 mV,在碱性条件下当电流密度达到10 mA·cm-2的过电势(?10)为160 mV,是理想的HER纳米催化剂材料。2.采用水热法制备了镍钴双金属氢氧化物,通过磷化得到形貌特殊的可高效催化电解海水的NiCoP纳米花球。在酸性条件下电解海水时,仅需要81mV的过电位就可以达到10 mA·cm-2的电流密度,在碱性条件下同样表现出优秀的HER催化活性和稳定性。这种双金属磷化物大大降低了电解水阴极材料的经济成本。
[Abstract]:With the increasing of energy crisis and environmental pollution, the development of various new and renewable energy sources has been attached great importance in the world, and hydrogen as a secondary energy has the advantages of clean, pollution-free, efficient, storage and transportation. Is regarded as the most ideal energy carrier. Electrolysis of water for hydrogen production is of great value in solving energy crisis and environmental problems in the present hydrogen production technology. Catalysis plays a crucial role in the design of effective processes and systems, maximizing the value of raw materials and reducing waste generation and energy requirements. In the hydrogen evolution reaction of electrolytic water, efficient electrolytic water catalyst is very necessary. At present, the dominant electrolytic water catalyst is precious metal platinum, which has excellent catalytic activity, but considering the economic cost, We need to find new catalysts with high performance. In this paper, a novel metal nickel based HER catalyst was prepared and its hydrogen evolution properties were studied. The following results were obtained: 1. A simple hydrothermal method was used to prepare Ni_3P/Ni-Pd nanospheres which can produce a small amount of PD nanoparticles with a 6% atomic ratio. The results show that the overpotential of Ni_3P/Ni-Pd nanospheres with current density of 10 Ma cm-2 is 100mV in acidic condition and 160mV in alkaline condition. It is an ideal HER nanocatalyst material. Ni-Co bimetallic hydroxides were prepared by hydrothermal method, and NiCoP nanospheres with special morphology were obtained by phosphating. The current density of 10 Ma cm-2 can be reached only by the overpotential of 81mV when electrolyzing seawater under acidic conditions, and it also shows excellent catalytic activity and stability of HER in alkaline condition. The bimetallic phosphates greatly reduce the economic cost of electrolytic hydrocathode materials.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ116.2;O643.36

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