锡基氧化物光催化材料研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 02:22

本文选题：氧化亚锡 + 二氧化锡　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会的发展和工业化进程的继续,能源紧缺和环境保护向人类提出了严峻的挑战。光催化反应具有无毒、高效、无二次污染等优点,是解决能源和环境问题的一种重要途径。本论文系统的介绍了目前光催化技术的基本原理和应用,然后详细的阐述了氧化亚锡(SnO)、氧化亚锡/二氧化锡(SnO/SnO_2)、聚苯胺/二氧化锡(PANI/SnO_2)三类光催化材料的制备,并采用XRD、SEM、TEM、UV-Vis、XPS、PL以及光催化降解实验等检测手段对合成的光催化材料的结构、形貌以及光催化性能、光催化机理等进行了研究。主要研究内容如下:1、以SnCl_2·2H_2O和NaOH为原料采用水热法制备SnO,通过控制溶剂的配比来合成不同形貌的SnO,同时对不同形貌的SnO进行XRD、SEM、TEM等表征和甲基橙(MO)的光催化活性测试。光催化实验结果表明花球状SnO的光催化活性比方片状SnO的光催化活性高1.5倍。光催化机理研究表明花球状SnO光催化性能增强主要原因:花球状形貌导致入射光子在材料表面多次反射,增加了对光子的吸收。2、以SnCl_2·2H_2O、SnCl_4·5H_2O和氨水为原料采用水热法,通过对原料的比例控制合成了异质结结构的SnO/SnO_2,改性后光催化活性得到较大的提升。在对MO的光催化活性测试中发现:当SnO:SnO_2=1:1时,SnO/SnO_2的光催化活性最佳,在20 min内MO降解率达到99.8%。光催化机理研究表明异质结结构抑制SnO/SnO_2光生电子空穴对的复合,显著地增强了光催化性能。3、以花球状SnO_2和导电PANI为原料,制备了不同复合比例的球状PANI/SnO_2复合光催化材料。通过对PANI/SnO_2复合光催化剂进行XRD、SEM、TEM、FR等表征和MO的光催化活性测试。光催化实验表明,PANI能显著提高SnO_2微球的光催化活性,其光催化降解MO的反应符合准一级动力学规律。1%PANI/SnO_2能较好的实现电子-空穴对的分离,光催化活性最高。PL测试结果证明,PANI能抑制光生电子空-穴对的复合,从而提高其光催化性能。
[Abstract]:With the development of society and the process of industrialization, energy shortage and environmental protection have posed severe challenges to human beings. Photocatalytic reaction has the advantages of non-toxicity, high efficiency and no secondary pollution. It is an important way to solve energy and environmental problems. In this paper, the basic principle and application of photocatalytic technology are introduced systematically, and then the preparation of three kinds of photocatalytic materials, tin oxide / SnO / SnO _ 2, Polyaniline / tin dioxide / PANI- / SnO-2, are described in detail. The structure, morphology, photocatalytic properties and photocatalytic mechanism of the synthesized photocatalytic materials were studied by means of XRDX, SEMX, UV-VisTX, XPS PL and photocatalytic degradation experiments. The main contents are as follows: (1) Sno was prepared by hydrothermal method using SnCl_2 2H_2O and NaOH as raw materials. Sno with different morphologies was synthesized by controlling the proportion of solvent. The SnO with different morphologies was characterized by XRDX SEM Tem and the photocatalytic activity of methyl orange moths was tested. The photocatalytic activity of flower spherical SnO was 1.5 times higher than that of flake SnO. The study of photocatalytic mechanism shows that the main reason for the enhancement of photocatalytic performance of spherical SnO is that the spherical morphology of the flower leads to multiple reflection of incident photons on the surface of the material and increases the absorption of photons. The hydrothermal method is used to use SnCl_2 _ 2H _ 2O _ 2SnCl _ 4 5H_2O and ammonia water as raw materials. Sno / SnOs _ 2 with heterojunction structure was synthesized by controlling the proportion of the raw materials, and the photocatalytic activity of the modified Sno / SnO _ s _ 2 was greatly improved. In the photocatalytic activity test of MO, it was found that the photocatalytic activity of Sno / SnO-2 was the best when SnO:SnO_2=1:1 was used, and the degradation rate of MO reached 99.8% within 20 min. The photocatalytic mechanism showed that the heterojunction structure inhibited the photocatalytic properties of SnO/SnO_2 photogenerated electron hole pairs, and significantly enhanced the photocatalytic activity of .3.The spherical PANI/SnO_2 composite photocatalytic materials with different ratios were prepared by using spherical SnO_2 and conductive PANI as raw materials. The PANI/SnO_2 composite photocatalyst was characterized by XRDX SEMX TEMN FR and the photocatalytic activity of MO was tested. The photocatalytic experiments showed that the photocatalytic activity of SnO_2 microspheres was significantly improved by pani. The photocatalytic degradation of MO was in accordance with the quasi-first-order kinetic law. 1 / SnO2 could achieve the separation of electron-hole pairs. The photocatalytic activity of pani was the highest. The results showed that pani could inhibit the combination of photogenerated electron voids and holes and thus improve its photocatalytic performance.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O643.36

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