高比表面积硫化金属氧化物的合成与催化性能研究
发布时间:2018-06-12 03:30
本文选题:固相法 + 硫化氧化钛 ; 参考:《哈尔滨工业大学》2016年硕士论文
【摘要】:硫化金属氧化物作为一类固体酸因其在诸多酸催化反应中展现了优异的催化活性而被广泛关注。当前,硫化金属氧化物的合成方法主要有沉淀硫酸化法和溶胶-凝胶法,但这两种方法都存在着需使用易造成环境污染的液体,操作过程复杂且耗时较长,合成的样品比表面积较小等缺点。因此,开发简易的合成方法制备出高比表面积的硫化金属氧化物具有重要的现实意义。本文提出了一个新的、简易的合成方法——固相硫化法,并通过该方法制备了较高比表面积的硫化氧化钛和硫化氧化锆,具体研究内容如下:首先,采用固相硫化法合成了硫化氧化钛。研究了合成原料比和煅烧温度对样品比表面积和催化性能的影响,优化出硫化氧化钛的最佳合成条件为硫酸铵和氢氧化钛的摩尔比为6:1、煅烧温度为550℃。随后将固相硫化法优化出的样品和传统硫化法合成的样品进行了结构和催化性能的比较,发现固相硫化法制得的样品具有较高的比表面积(107m2/g),是传统硫化法制得样品比表面积(47m2/g)的2倍以上;相应的,在乙酸和苯甲醇酯化反应中,固相硫化法制得的硫化氧化钛催化苯甲醇的转化率为91%,而相同反应条件下传统硫化法制得样品催化苯甲醇的转化率为37%。其次,进一步将固相硫化法拓展到硫化氧化锆的合成。同样研究了合成原料比和煅烧温度对样品比表面积和催化性能的影响,优化出硫化氧化锆的最佳合成条件为硫酸铵和氢氧化锆的摩尔比为6:1、煅烧温度为600℃。随后将固相硫化法优化出的样品和传统硫化法合成的样品进行了结构和催化性能的对比,发现固相硫化法制得的样品具有较高的比表面积(124m2/g),而传统硫化法制得样品的比表面积为87m2/g;相应的,在乙酸和苯甲醇酯化反应中,固相硫化法制得的硫化氧化锆给出了较好的催化活性,催化苯甲醇的转化率为81%;而相同反应条件下传统硫化法制得样品催化苯甲醇的转化率为52%。最后,本文已通过固相硫化法合成了具有较高比表面积的硫化氧化钛和硫化氧化锆,这类催化剂在乙酸和苯甲醇的酯化反应中表现出了较优异的催化性能。显然,该方法也可以进一步扩展到其它高比表面积硫化金属氧化物的合成。
[Abstract]:Sulfide metal oxides as a class of solid acids have been widely concerned for their excellent catalytic activity in many acid-catalyzed reactions. At present, the synthesis methods of sulphide metal oxides mainly include precipitation sulfation method and sol-gel method, but both of these two methods need to use liquid which is easy to cause environmental pollution, and the operation process is complex and time-consuming. The synthesized samples have small specific surface area and so on. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a simple synthetic method to prepare high specific surface area sulphide metal oxides. In this paper, a new and simple method of synthesis, solid phase vulcanization, is proposed, through which titanium sulfide and zirconia with high specific surface area are prepared. The specific research contents are as follows: first of all, Titanium oxide vulcanized was synthesized by solid state vulcanization. The effects of raw material ratio and calcination temperature on the specific surface area and catalytic performance of the samples were studied. The optimum conditions for the synthesis of titanium sulfide oxide were as follows: the molar ratio of ammonium sulfate and titanium hydroxide was 6: 1, and the calcination temperature was 550 鈩,
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