湍流对可燃气体（蒸气）爆炸极限及火焰传播过程的影响

发布时间：2018-06-16 18:03

本文选题：湍流 + 可燃气体　；参考：《中北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着可燃气体(蒸气)的广泛应用,在其实际生产、储运、使用过程中引发的燃烧爆炸事故成为灾难性事故的主要形式之一。如何有效预防和控制可燃气体(蒸气)的燃爆事故仍是民用工业和军用生产领域亟待解决的新课题。目前,国内外主要是在宏观静止状态下对可燃气体(蒸气)爆炸特性参数进行测试研究,而在实际生产生活中,燃爆事故的发生多是处于湍流流场中。因此探究湍流对可燃气体(蒸气)爆炸极限和火焰传播过程的影响具有重要的理论参考价值与实际应用价值。本文参考相关测试标准,借助FRTA爆炸极限测试仪和高速摄影仪,研究湍流对可燃气体(蒸气)的爆炸极限及火焰传播过程的影响,并依据相关燃烧、爆炸理论,对试验结果进行定性和定量的分析、比较、总结。研究结果表明:(1)湍流状态下可燃气体(蒸气)的爆炸范围比宏观静止状态下变窄。湍流对可燃气体爆炸范围的影响幅度随着它相对分子质量的增大而增大,而对可燃蒸气爆炸范围的影响更为显著。湍流强度的增大一定程度上降低了其发生火灾事故的危险性。(2)湍流扰动会促使火焰形态发生变化,即火焰前锋阵面产生褶皱且边界不清晰,而且湍流强度越大,火焰前锋阵面褶皱越明显,火焰边界越模糊。在湍流的扰动下,火焰传播速度明显增大。(3)在实际生产生活中,虽然随着湍流强度的增大,可燃气体(蒸气)爆炸极限范围缩小,但在高湍流强度下火焰传播速度加快,因此应综合考虑,合理选择安全系数。综上所述,本文研究成果丰富了湍流状态下可燃气体(蒸气)的燃烧、爆炸理论,对评估常见可燃气体(蒸气)的燃爆危险性,预防其燃爆事故的发生有重要意义。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of combustible gases (vapors), the combustion and explosion accidents caused by the production, storage, transportation and use of combustible gases have become one of the main forms of catastrophic accidents. How to effectively prevent and control the explosion of combustible gases (vapors) is still a new problem to be solved in the field of civil industry and military production. At present, at home and abroad, the explosion characteristics of combustible gas (vapor) are mainly measured and studied in the macroscopic static state, but in the actual production and life, most of the explosion accidents occur in the turbulent flow field. Therefore, it has important theoretical reference value and practical application value to explore the influence of turbulence on the explosion limit and flame propagation process of combustible gas (vapor). In this paper, the influence of turbulence on the explosion limit of combustible gas (vapor) and flame propagation process is studied with the aid of FRTA explosion limit tester and high speed photography, and according to the relevant combustion and explosion theory, The test results are analyzed, compared and summarized qualitatively and quantitatively. The results show that the explosion range of combustible gas (vapor) in turbulent state is narrower than that in macroscopic static state. The effect of turbulence on the explosion range of combustible gas increases with the increase of its relative molecular mass, but it is more obvious with the explosion range of flammable vapor. The increase of turbulence intensity reduces the danger of fire accident to some extent. The turbulence disturbance will cause the flame shape to change, that is, the front of the flame produces fold and the boundary is not clear, and the more turbulence intensity, the bigger the turbulence intensity is. The more obvious the fold on the front of the flame, the more blurred the flame boundary. Under turbulence disturbance, the flame propagation velocity is obviously increased. In real life, although with the increase of turbulence intensity, the limit range of combustible gas (vapor) explosion is reduced, but the flame propagation speed is accelerated under the high turbulence intensity. Therefore, comprehensive consideration should be given to the reasonable selection of safety factors. To sum up, the research results enrich the combustion and explosion theory of combustible gas (vapor) in turbulent state. It is of great significance to evaluate the explosion risk of common combustible gas (vapor) and to prevent the occurrence of explosion accident.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O643.221

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