基于金纳米颗粒比色法检测金属离子

发布时间：2018-06-25 05:48

本文选题：重金属离子 + 金纳米颗粒　；参考：《青岛科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：很多金属离子参与人体酶反应,是维持体系平衡的重要组成物质。但一些离子具有生物毒性,进入人体后可使人中毒。尤其是重金属离子,具有致毒剂量低、难以降解、易累积等缺点,给人类带来很大危害。金纳米颗粒具有优异的光学性质、催化性能、生物相容性、易于和多种物质结合等优点,受到科学家们的广泛关注。表面等离子体共振效应受颗粒粒径大小、分散程度、周围介质等因素影响。基于金纳米颗粒聚集引发表面等离子体共振变化,使体系颜色由酒红色向紫色转变等设计了一系列金纳米颗粒传感器。金纳米颗粒可以和汞结合形成稳定的金汞齐结构,提高催化性能,最大限度的催化显色剂与底物发生反应,根据体系颜色变化可以实现对待测物的检测。金纳米颗粒可以和磁性纳米材料结合,形成的磁性材料集合金纳米颗粒及磁性纳米颗粒的优异性能,可结合显色反应对待测物质进行可视化分析等。本文基于金纳米颗粒比色法检测金属离子,主要包括以下三部分:(1)基于Cr~(3+)可以和修饰在金纳米颗粒表面的磷酸根络合,导致金纳米颗粒团聚,根据表面等离子体共振吸收峰的变化,实现对Cr~(3+)及抗坏血酸的可视化检测;(2)基于汞可以在金纳米颗粒表面形成金汞齐结构,提高金纳米颗粒过氧化物模拟酶的催化活性,催化TMB和H_2O_2反应,生成蓝色产物等,实现对Hg~(2+)及H_2O_2的比色法可视化检测;(3)制备了Fe_3O_4@Au复合纳米结构,利用适体DNA分子与Au的亲和作用,将其修饰在复合纳米结构表面,利用DNA碱基对Hg~(2+)的特异性识别与链式杂交技术,使显色试剂(MB)嵌入至dsDNA,改变体系颜色,实现对Hg~(2+)的可视化检测。
[Abstract]:Many metal ions participate in the enzyme reaction of human body and are important components to maintain the equilibrium of the system. But some ions are biologically toxic and can be poisoned when they enter the human body. Especially heavy metal ions have the disadvantages of low toxic dose, difficult to degrade and easy to accumulate, which bring great harm to human beings. Gold nanoparticles with excellent optical properties, catalytic properties, biocompatibility, easy to combine with a variety of substances and so on, has been widely concerned by scientists. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect is affected by particle size, dispersion and surrounding media. A series of gold nanoparticle sensors were designed based on the change of surface plasmon resonance induced by gold nanoparticles aggregation and the color change from wine red to purple. Gold nanoparticles can combine with mercury to form stable amalgam structure, improve catalytic performance, and react with substrate to the maximum extent. Gold nanoparticles can be combined with magnetic nanomaterials to form magnetic materials, which can combine the excellent properties of gold nanoparticles and magnetic nanoparticles, and can be used for visual analysis of measuring materials in combination with color reaction. In this paper, the detection of metal ions based on gold nanoparticles colorimetry includes the following three parts: (1) based on Cr ~ (3), the metal ions can be complexed with phosphate modified on the surface of gold nanoparticles, resulting in the agglomeration of gold nanoparticles. According to the change of the surface plasmon resonance absorption peak, the visual detection of Cr ~ (3) and ascorbic acid can be realized. (2) based on the fact that mercury can form gold-amalgam structure on the surface of gold nanoparticles, it can improve the catalytic activity of gold nanoparticles' peroxidase mimetic enzyme. Catalyzing the reaction of TMB and H _ 2O _ 2, producing blue products and so on, realizing the colorimetric visual detection of Hg2 and H _ 2O _ 2. (3) Fe3O _ 4r au composite nanostructures were prepared and modified on the surface of composite nanostructures by the affinity of aptamer DNA molecules to au. By using the specific recognition of DNA base pair Hg2 and chain hybridization technique, the chromogenic reagent (MB) was embedded into dsDNA, the color of the system was changed, and the visual detection of Hg2 was realized.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O657.3

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