溶剂萃取油砂沥青的动力学模型研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 00:52

本文选题：沥青 + 油砂萃取　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着原油储量的减少以及价格的不断攀升,寻找其它可替代能源正在被世界各国的研究人员广泛的研究。油砂由沥青及其它固体杂质组成,由于含有可制备轻质油的沥青,油砂沥青引起了研究人员的注意。在国内外相关科研工作者研究的基础上,实验通过对沥青改性、优化球状颗粒制备条件制备了尺寸粒度可控的沥青球状颗粒并作为萃取动力学研究的对象。动力学研究阶段进行了检测平台组装、动力学测试实验、并使用计算机编程软件建模拟合、对萃取实验过程进行模拟。本文的主要研究内容如下:(1)制作沥青球并作为研究油砂的物理模型。通过控制实验条件、原料配比得到了制备沥青球的最优条件。实验发现沥青、萘以质量比10:1调制后软化点降至80.4oC,此温度下可以使用水浴加热作为实验的加热条件。在制备沥青球时实验通过恒温40 min、搅拌速率1200 rpm、程序降温等条件制备了表面光滑、粒径均匀的沥青球。经测量沥青球的均值粒径为1323μm。(2)在动力学测试阶段,采用了几种工业中常用的溶剂来萃取油砂沥青。在研究过程中分别采用拟一阶、拟二阶动力学方程对萃取过程进行模拟。根据拟合效果的好坏对方程进行改进得到了一种改进的模型方程。新的模型方程包含了传质面积对萃取速率的影响。实验发现石油醚、二氯甲烷体积比1:3比例的混合溶剂对沥青的溶解速率较快,传质系数约为5.492×10-2 m賡-1。本文研究的目的是得出能够描述萃取动力学的模型方程并测算相关溶剂的传质系数,为油砂萃取反应器的设计提供数据参考。
[Abstract]:With the decrease of crude oil reserves and the rising price of crude oil, the search for alternative energy sources has been widely studied by researchers all over the world. Oil sand is composed of asphalt and other solid impurities. Based on the research of relative researchers at home and abroad, asphalt spherical particles with controllable size were prepared by modifying asphalt and optimizing the preparation conditions of spherical particles. In the kinetic research stage, the test platform was assembled, the dynamic test experiment was carried out, and the computer programming software was used to simulate the process of the extraction experiment. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) Asphalt ball is used as a physical model to study oil sand. By controlling the experimental conditions, the optimum conditions for the preparation of asphalt balls were obtained. It is found that the softening point of asphalt and naphthalene can be reduced to 80.4 oC when the mass ratio of naphthalene is 10:1. Water bath heating can be used as the experimental heating condition at this temperature. The asphalt ball with smooth surface and uniform particle size was prepared under the conditions of constant temperature 40 mins, stirring rate 1200 rpm and program cooling. The average particle size of the pitch ball was 1323 渭 m. (2) in the phase of kinetic test, several common solvents were used to extract oil sand asphalt. The extraction process was simulated by quasi first order and quasi second order kinetic equations. An improved model equation is obtained by improving the equation according to the effect of fitting. The new model equation includes the effect of mass transfer area on extraction rate. It was found that the dissolution rate of petroleum ether and dichloromethane was faster than that of the mixture solvent of 1:3, and the mass transfer coefficient was about 5.492 脳 10 ~ (-2) m ~ (-1). The purpose of this study is to obtain the model equation which can describe the extraction kinetics and calculate the mass transfer coefficient of the related solvents, which can provide the data reference for the design of oil sand extraction reactor.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE626.86;O658.2

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