刺激响应梯度聚合物

发布时间：2018-07-01 13:56

本文选题：梯度聚合物 + 可控/活性自由基聚合　；参考：《化学进展》2017年10期

【摘要】：近年来,刺激响应聚合物因其独特的性质而受到广泛关注,这类聚合物能够感受外界环境刺激(包括光、电、热、力、氧化还原、pH、化学、环境和生物信号等刺激)而产生响应,从而引起体系物理或化学性质的改变。而梯度聚合物则是伴随着可控自由基聚合技术的诞生、发展而出现和形成的一类新型聚合物,区别于无规和嵌段聚合物,梯度聚合物表现出单体组成沿分子链渐变的性质,其中,由亲水性单元和憎水性单元组成的两亲性梯度聚合物在选择性溶剂中可自组装形成多种聚集体,因此具有多方面的潜在应用价值,比如超分子组装体、智能涂料、网络或这些可能应用的组合。本文调研了有关梯度聚合物方面的研究工作,综述了几种梯度聚合物的合成方法,如活性阴离子聚合法、可控自由基聚合法(包括氮氧稳定自由基聚合、原子转移自由基聚合及可逆加成断裂链转移自由基聚合)和开环聚合法等,同时阐述了梯度聚合物的自组装及刺激响应行为,尤其是其独特的热和pH敏感性。此外,还对由两亲性嵌段聚合物和两亲性梯度聚合物自组装形成的聚集体的刺激响应行为进行了详细地论述和比较,并指出了梯度聚合物的应用前景和发展方向。
[Abstract]:In recent years, stimulus-responsive polymers have received widespread attention because of their unique properties. These polymers can respond to environmental stimuli (including light, electricity, heat, force, redox pH, chemical, environmental and biological signals, etc.). Thus causing changes in the physical or chemical properties of the system. Gradient polymer (GPS) is a new kind of polymer which is developed with the birth of controllable free radical polymerization technology. It is different from random and block polymer. Gradient polymer shows the property of monomer composition changing gradually along molecular chain. Among them, amphiphilic gradient polymers composed of hydrophilic units and hydrophobic units can self-assemble into a variety of aggregates in selective solvents, so they have many potential applications, such as supramolecular assemblies, intelligent coatings, A network or a combination of these possible applications. In this paper, the research work on gradient polymers is investigated, and several methods of synthesis of gradient polymers are reviewed, such as active anionic polymerization, controllable radical polymerization (including nitrogen-oxygen stable radical polymerization). Atom transfer radical polymerization and reversible addition strand transfer radical polymerization) and ring-opening polymerization were used. The self-assembly and stimulative response of gradient polymers, especially their unique thermal and pH sensitivity, were discussed. In addition, the stimuli response behaviors of aggregates formed by amphiphilic block polymers and amphiphilic gradient polymers are discussed and compared in detail, and the application prospect and development direction of gradient polymers are also pointed out.
【作者单位】：北京化工大学软物质科学与工程高精尖研究中心材料科学与工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21704001) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(No.buctrc201724) 北京软物质科学与工程高精尖创新中心经费资助~~
【分类号】：O631.5

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