磷酸银、氧化锌微纳米材料的控制合成及性能研究

发布时间：2018-07-02 10:40

本文选题：磷酸银 + 氧化锌　；参考：《天津工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：微/纳米材料因具有量子效应、小尺寸效应、表面效应、宏观量子隧道效应等独特的特性,在催化、传感、储能等领域具有广泛的应用。制备新颖的纳米材料、控制其形貌、研究其生长机制等成为该领域研究的热点。本论文以半导体金属盐和氧化物(Ag_3PO_4和ZnO)微纳米材料为研究对象,制备出新颖的磷酸银和氧化锌纳米材料,并探讨其可能形成的机理,测试了半导体材料的光催化性能和气敏活性。本论文的具体工作有以下几个方面:(1)采用直接沉淀法,利用酒石酸辅助合成出磷酸银中空微球纳米结构,分布均匀,得到中空微球的直径约在8 μm。根据不同的反应时间,探讨了磷酸银中空微球可能的形成机制,提出了奥斯特瓦尔德熟化的机理。降解罗丹明B(RhB)溶液的实验结果表明,磷酸银中空微球在可见光下表现出了非常好的光催化性能。(2)采用简单的直接沉淀法,用聚乙二醇(PEG)作为表面活性剂,成功制备出四足状磷酸银纳米晶体。该结构的足长度约为16 μm。我们通过X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段对其结构、形貌进行表征。通过对比实验,讨论了不同PEG加入量对磷酸银形貌结构产生的影响。此外,磷酸银在可见光光催化下催化降解亚甲基蓝,显示良好的光催化活性。(3)通过十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)调控,用水热法合成出了梳状氧化锌。为了考察氧化锌的气敏活性,对所制备的梳状氧化锌进行了气敏性能的测试,结果表明,梳状氧化锌对乙醇、甲苯有气敏活性,相比而言,甲苯的气敏性能高于乙醇;同时,我们也进行了光催化测试,在紫外光的照射下,在光降解亚甲基蓝(MB)溶液中,梳状氧化锌表现了较好的光催化活性。
[Abstract]:Due to their unique properties such as quantum effect, small size effect, surface effect and macroscopic quantum tunneling effect, micro / nano materials have been widely used in the fields of catalysis, sensing, energy storage and so on. The preparation of novel nanomaterials, the control of their morphology and the study of their growth mechanism have become the focus of research in this field. In this paper, the novel silver phosphate and zinc oxide nanomaterials were prepared by using the semiconductor metal salts and oxide (AgSn3PO4 and ZnO) nanomaterials as the research objects, and the possible mechanism of their formation was discussed. The photocatalytic properties and gas sensitivity of semiconductor materials were tested. The main work of this thesis is as follows: (1) the silver phosphate hollow microspheres were synthesized by direct precipitation method and tartaric acid. The diameter of the hollow microspheres was about 8 渭 m. According to different reaction time, the possible formation mechanism of silver phosphate hollow microspheres was discussed, and the mechanism of Ostwald ripening was proposed. The experimental results of degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) solution show that silver phosphate hollow microspheres exhibit excellent photocatalytic properties under visible light. (2) simple direct precipitation method and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as surfactant are used. Quadruped silver phosphate nanocrystals were successfully prepared. The foot length of the structure is about 16 渭 m. The structure and morphology were characterized by X ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of PEG addition on the morphology and structure of silver phosphate were discussed by contrast experiments. In addition, silver phosphate can catalyze the degradation of methylene blue under visible light, showing good photocatalytic activity. (3) comb-like zinc oxide was synthesized by hydrothermal method under the control of sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS). In order to investigate the gas sensing activity of zinc oxide, the gas sensing properties of the prepared comb-like zinc oxide were tested. The results showed that the combed zinc oxide had gas sensing activity to ethanol and toluene, and toluene had higher gas sensitivity than ethanol, and at the same time, the gas sensitivity of the combed zinc oxide was higher than that of ethanol. The photocatalytic activity of combed zinc oxide in methylene blue (MB) solution was studied.
【学位授予单位】：天津工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB383.1;O643.36

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