超声萃取-酶标仪-微量法测定污染土壤中的总石油烃（英文）

发布时间：2018-07-04 14:10

本文选题：超声萃取 + 酶标仪　；参考：《光谱学与光谱分析》2017年11期

【摘要】：石油的开采、运输、泄漏及石油产品使用量的不断增加,导致了严重的土壤石油污染,改变了土壤的理化性质,引起土壤中的微生物大量死亡,影响植物的正常生长,并能通过皮肤、呼吸、饮食等方式进入人体,危害健康。因此,土壤石油污染的修复刻不容缓,但修复效果的评价离不开土壤中残留石油的提取和检测,建立快速高效的石油提取和分析测定方法是非常重要的。该研究讨论了检测波长、提取剂种类、提取剂用量以及超声萃取次数、萃取时间、超声萃取功率等影响污染土壤中总石油烃提取的参数和变量,最终建立了一种超声萃取-酶标仪-微量法提取检测污染土壤中总石油烃的方法。确定优化的提取和检测条件为:紫外检测波长为304nm,用石油醚作提取剂,土液比为1∶4,超声萃取2次,每次萃取时间为20min,超声萃取功率为100W。该优化条件下,土壤石油添加回收率是88.4%~101.6%,相对标准偏差均小于4.7%,提取测定结果符合环境分析化学检测要求。利用酶标仪代替紫外分光光度计进行检测,能更方便快速的得出结果,且测定溶液用量少,可以更好地推广应用于微量石油污染环境样品的定量检测。此外,该方法用石油醚和乙醇作为提取和定容试剂,克服了采用二氯甲烷、四氯化碳等有机试剂提取而造成溶剂消耗量大、易产生二次污染、不利于环境友好发展等缺点,是一种快速、高效、绿色的提取和测定污染土壤中总石油烃的方法。
[Abstract]:The exploitation, transportation, leakage and increasing use of petroleum products have led to serious soil oil pollution, changed the physical and chemical properties of the soil, caused a large number of deaths of microorganisms in the soil, and affected the normal growth of plants. And through the skin, breathing, diet and other ways to enter the human body, harmful to health. Therefore, the remediation of soil oil pollution is urgent, but the evaluation of remediation effect can not be separated from the extraction and detection of residual oil in soil. It is very important to establish a rapid and efficient method for oil extraction and analysis. The parameters and variables that affect the extraction of total petroleum hydrocarbon in contaminated soil are discussed, such as detection wavelength, type of extractant, amount of extractant, times of ultrasonic extraction, extraction time, power of ultrasonic extraction, etc. Finally, a method of ultrasonic extraction-enzyme-micro-extraction for the determination of total petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soil was established. The optimum extraction and detection conditions are determined as follows: UV detection wavelength is 304 nm, oil ether is used as extractant, ratio of soil to liquid is 1: 4, ultrasonic extraction time is 20 min, ultrasonic extraction power is 100 W. Under the optimized conditions, the recovery rate of oil added in soil was 88.4% and 101.6%, and the relative standard deviation was less than 4.7. The results of extraction and determination were in line with the requirements of environmental analytical chemistry. The enzymatic standard instrument can be used instead of ultraviolet spectrophotometer to detect the results more conveniently and quickly, and the amount of the determination solution is less, so it can be better applied to the quantitative detection of trace petroleum polluted environmental samples. In addition, the method uses petroleum ether and ethanol as extraction and volumetric reagent, which overcomes the disadvantages of solvent consumption caused by organic reagent extraction, such as dichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride, which is easy to produce secondary pollution and is not conducive to environmental friendly development. Is a rapid, efficient, green extraction and determination of total petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soil.
【作者单位】：南昌工程学院江西省退化生态系统修复与流域生态水文重点实验室;安徽农业大学生命科学学院;
【基金】：the Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Provincal Department of Education(GJJ20151118) the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31460149) the Key Research Project of Jiangxi Provincal Department of Science and Technology(20161BBG70050) the Student Training Project of Nanchang Institute of Technology in 2016
【分类号】：O652;X833

【相似文献】