碳基纳米复合材料在电催化及生物传感中的应用

发布时间：2018-07-08 08:39

本文选题：有序介孔碳 + 氧化石墨烯　；参考：《西北师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：碳纳米材料是指分散相尺寸至少有一维在100 nm以内的碳材料,它们导电性好、比表面积大、耐高温、抗腐蚀且生物相容性好,在能源存储、多相催化和医疗传感等众多领域应用广泛。近年来有关介孔碳和石墨烯及其复合材料的报道层出不穷,引起了研究者的极大关注,尤其在电化学分析传感领域取得了丰硕的成果。本文制备了基于有序介孔碳和石墨烯的复合纳米材料并成功用于生物传感和电化学催化研究中,主要内容包括以下几个方面:1.采用软模板法通过有机-有机自组装方式一步法合成了负载铁纳米粒子的有序介孔碳纳米复合材料(Fe-OMC)。运用透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和电化学方法进行了表征,循环伏安(CV)实验表明该复合材料修饰电极能够有效降低亚硝酸钠的过电位,说明该复合材料对亚硝酸钠具有很好的电催化氧化性能。另外,由于铁纳米粒子的存在使该修饰电极的催化速率常数达到52.51 M~（-1）s~（-1）,是裸电极的一千多倍。2.通过循环伏安(CV)电化学一步法得到金属镍氧化物纳米粒子插层的电化学还原氧化石墨烯(ERGO)纳米复合材料修饰电极(Ni_2O_3-NiO/ERGO GCE),并运用扫描电镜(SEM)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等技术和电化学手段对修饰电极进行了表征。本文通过实验证明该修饰电极表面发生的反应机理属于薄层扩散机理。另外,本文选用有机污染物2,4,6-三硝基苯酚(TNP)为目标分子研究了该修饰电极对TNP的电催化性能。3.利用有机指示剂1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠(NQS)和氧化石墨烯(GO)之间的π-π相互作用,得到了NQS功能化的石墨烯纳米复合材料(NQS/GO),并构建了基于NQS/GO纳米复合材料的可视化传感平台来快速、灵敏地检测肌氨酸,检测限达到0.73μM。另外,本文用电化学方法进一步探讨验证了NQS/GO对肌氨酸的灵敏传感机理过程。
[Abstract]:Carbon nanomaterials are carbon materials with dispersed phase sizes of at least 100 nm, which have good electrical conductivity, large specific surface area, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, and are stored in energy sources. Heterogeneous catalysis and medical sensing are widely used in many fields. In recent years, many reports on mesoporous carbon and graphene and their composites have been reported, which have attracted great attention of researchers, especially in the field of electrochemical sensing. In this paper, composite nanomaterials based on ordered mesoporous carbon and graphene were prepared and successfully used in biosensor and electrochemical catalytic research. The main contents include the following aspects: 1. An ordered mesoporous carbon nanocomposite (Fe-OMC) supported on iron nanoparticles was synthesized by organic and organic self-assembly by soft template method. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the electrode. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiment showed that the modified electrode could effectively reduce the overpotential of sodium nitrite. The results show that the composite has good electrocatalytic oxidation performance for sodium nitrite. In addition, the catalytic rate constant of the modified electrode is 52.51 M-1 s-1 due to the presence of iron nanoparticles, which is more than 1000 times of that of the bare electrode. Electrochemical reductive graphene oxide (ERGO) nanocomposite modified electrode (Ni2O3-NiO / ERGO GCE) was prepared by cyclic voltammetry (CV) electrochemical one-step method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy (Raman) and X-ray photoelectron energy (XPS) were used to prepare the electrochemical reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) nano-composite modified electrode (Ni2O3-NiO / ERGO GCE). The modified electrode was characterized by XPS and electrochemical methods. The experimental results show that the reaction mechanism of the modified electrode belongs to thin layer diffusion mechanism. In addition, the electrocatalytic activity of the modified electrode for TNP was studied by using the organic pollutant (2H4) 6-trinitrophenol (TNP) as the target molecule. NQS-functionalized graphene nanocomposites (NQS- / go) were obtained by 蟺-蟺 interaction between organic indicator 1tn2naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate (NQS) and graphene oxide (go), and a visual sensing platform based on NQSGO nanocomposites was constructed. The detection limit of sarcosine was 0.73 渭 M. In addition, the sensitive sensing mechanism of NQS / go to sarcosine was further investigated by electrochemical method.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：O657.1

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