基于电化学无酶传感器的医用血糖检测体系的建立与评价

发布时间：2018-08-01 10:18

【摘要】：基于葡萄糖电化学氧化原理的葡萄糖传感器可以直接以电信号监测葡萄糖浓度,能够辅助实现糖尿病诊断的快速筛查、腹膜透析治疗的在线监测等,具有重要临床应用前景。相对于葡萄糖氧化酶型传感器而言,无酶电化学传感器具有重复性好、灵敏度高的优点,但选择性低、抗干扰性差是该类传感器需要解决的主要问题。电化学氧化法检测血清中葡萄糖的干扰物质主要是抗坏血酸和尿素等还原性物质,本论文在采用压片法制备的NiOOH/Ni(OH)_2@C电极研究了葡萄糖检测灵敏度和选择性的影响因素及规律性基础上,基于抗坏血酸和尿素的电极反应过程为扩散控制而葡萄糖为动力学控制的差异性,提出增大电极比表面积以提高检测灵敏度和选择性的研究思路,利用复合镀法制备了具有核壳结构的NiOOH/Ni(OH)_2@C电极用以检测血清中的葡萄糖。具体内容如下：首先,利用阳离子型表面活性剂辅助实现Ni单质和碳粉的复合电沉积获得具有核壳结构的Ni@C镀层电极：其次,在碱性介质中借助循环伏安法电化学氧化镀层中Ni为Ni(OH)_2;最后,在恒电位条件下形成NiOOH用以检测葡萄糖。研究表明,利用NiOOH/Ni(OH)_2@C检测葡萄糖时检测线性范围为5×10~(-5)～1×10~(-2)mol·L~(-1),线性相关系数R~2=0.99995,灵敏度为11.84mA·cm-2·mM~(-1),检测限为10-6mol·L~(-1)(D=3S/N);检测体系的平行性、重复性以及准确度均在中国质检总局发布的关于血糖仪通用技术标准GB/T 19634-2005规定的范围之内；抗干扰性检测结果表明在检测血清中葡萄糖含量时NiOOH/Ni(OH)_2@C电极抵抗尿素等物质的能力优于NiOOH/Ni(OH)_2@C电极。
[Abstract]:The glucose sensor based on the principle of electrochemical oxidation of glucose can directly monitor glucose concentration with electrical signals, which can assist in the rapid screening of diabetes diagnosis and on-line monitoring of peritoneal dialysis therapy, etc., which has an important clinical application prospect. Compared with glucose oxidase sensors, enzymatic electrochemical sensors have the advantages of good repeatability and high sensitivity, but low selectivity and poor anti-interference are the main problems that need to be solved. The main interfering substances of glucose in serum are ascorbic acid and urea by electrochemical oxidation method. In this paper, we studied the influencing factors and regularity of glucose detection sensitivity and selectivity at the NiOOH/Ni (OH) _ 2DS _ C electrode prepared by the method of pressing tablets. Based on the difference that the electrode reaction process of ascorbic acid and urea is controlled by diffusion and glucose is controlled by kinetics, the idea of increasing the specific surface area of the electrode to improve the detection sensitivity and selectivity is proposed. A core-shell structure NiOOH/Ni (OH) CO2 @ C electrode was prepared by composite plating for the determination of glucose in serum. The main contents are as follows: firstly, the Ni@C coating electrode with core-shell structure was obtained by using cationic surfactant assisted electrodeposition of Ni and carbon powder. In alkaline medium, Ni is Ni (OH) _ 2 in electrochemical oxidation coating by cyclic voltammetry. Finally, NiOOH is formed at constant potential to detect glucose. The results showed that the linear range of detection for glucose was 5 脳 10 ~ (-5) mol L ~ (-1), the linear correlation coefficient was 0.99995, the sensitivity was 11.84mA cm-2 mm ~ (-1) and the detection limit was 10-6mol L ~ (-1) (D=3S/N). Reproducibility and accuracy are within the scope of GB/T 19634-2005, a general technical standard for blood glucose analyzer issued by the General Administration of quality Supervision, Inspection and Inspection of China; The results of anti-interference test showed that the NiOOH/Ni (OH) _ 2@ C electrode could resist urea and other substances better than the NiOOH/Ni (OH) _ s _ 2r _ 2C electrode when the glucose content in the serum was detected.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R446.1;O657.1

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