新型光波长转换材料的合成及在农用转光薄膜中的应用

发布时间：2018-08-21 12:59

【摘要】：农用薄膜在农业生产中发挥着越来越重的作用,对其添加转光剂使薄膜具有转光作用可以显著的提高农作物对太阳光的利用率,增加农产品产量。传统的转光剂主要包括有机染料类、稀土配合物类、无机盐类等,这些传统转光剂在实际生产和应用中往往存在发光效率低下、易团聚、成膜困难、生产成本高等缺点。因此研制更加高效的转光材料对高效利用光能至关重要。本文制备了三种新型转光材料,并将其制备成膜,取得较为满意的效果。(1)以荧光效应较强的稀土铽为中心,选择高分子长链聚乙丙交酯为第一配体,对水溶液中形成的配合物进行了研究。实验确定了铽、聚乙丙交酯以及甘氨酸为优良协配体的最佳用量。进一步研究发现,加入不同表面活性剂可以对配合物荧光强度产生增强的效果,其中十二烷基磺酸钠效果最好;同时探究了酸碱性对体系荧光的影响。最终确定在pH为9的情况下,铽:聚乙丙交酯:甘氨酸:十二烷基磺酸钠为1:0.5:3:1时荧光效果最强。对于获得的铽-聚乙丙交酯-甘氨酸配合物,其荧光激发波长为249nm,发射波长为544 nm,将该配合物以掺杂法制备聚氯乙烯薄膜,得到的薄膜可将太阳光的紫外光转化为作物光合作用需要的可见光。(2)选择荧光效应较强的稀土元素铕为中心离子,以甲基苯骈三氮唑为第一配体,以邻菲罗啉为协配体,对乙醇溶液中形成的配合物荧光进行了研究。试验确定了铕、甲基苯骈三氮唑和邻苯二甲酸癸酯的最佳体积配比。进一步研究发现,加入表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵会显著的增强配合物的荧光。对于获得的铕-甲基苯骈三氮唑-邻苯二甲酸癸酯-十六烷基三甲基溴化铵配合物,将其掺杂到塑料薄膜中,并对薄膜荧光表征。得到荧光激发波长为350 nm,发射波长为613 nm,即得到可以使太阳光的紫外部分转换为农作物光合作用所需要的红橙光的稀土光转换膜。(3)选用荧光效应强的罗丹明B,以聚乙二醇1000为长链,通过酯化反应对其衍生,得到具有脂溶性长链的罗丹明B衍生物。并对获得的衍生物进行红外、荧光表征。对于获得的罗丹明B衍生物,其荧光激发波长为568 nm,而发射波长为603 nm,将该衍生物以一定比例加到农用塑料薄膜中,制备出可以使日光的黄绿光转化为作物光合作用所需的红橙光的有机光转化膜。
[Abstract]:Agricultural film plays a more and more important role in agricultural production. Adding light conversion agent to the film can significantly improve the utilization ratio of agricultural crops to sunlight and increase the yield of agricultural products. The traditional transmitters mainly include organic dyes, rare earth complexes, inorganic salts and so on. These traditional transmitters often have the disadvantages of low luminous efficiency, easy agglomeration, difficult film formation and high production cost in practical production and application. Therefore, the development of more efficient light conversion materials is very important for the efficient use of light energy. In this paper, three new light conversion materials were prepared, and the films were prepared with satisfactory results. (1) with the rare earth terbium with strong fluorescence effect as the center, the polymer with long chain poly (ethylene lactide) as the first ligand was selected as the first ligand. The complex formed in aqueous solution was studied. The optimum dosage of terbium, poly (ethylene lactide) and glycine as excellent coligand was determined. It was found that the fluorescence intensity of the complex could be enhanced by adding different surfactants, and the effect of sodium dodecyl sulfonate was the best, and the effect of acid and alkalinity on the fluorescence of the system was also investigated. At pH 9, the fluorescence effect of terbium: poly (ethyllactide), glycine and sodium dodecyl sulfonate was 1: 0.5: 3: 1. For the terbium polyglycine complex, the fluorescence excitation wavelength and emission wavelength are 249 nm and 544 nm respectively. The film can convert UV light from solar light to visible light needed by crop photosynthesis. (2) Europium, a rare earth element with strong fluorescence effect, is selected as center ion, methyl benzotriazole as first ligand and o-phenanthroline as coligand. The fluorescence of complex formed in ethanol solution was studied. The optimum volume ratio of europium, methyl benzotriazole and decyl phthalate was determined. It was found that the addition of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide significantly enhanced the fluorescence of the complex. The complexes of europi-methyl benzotriazole-decyl phthalate and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were doped into plastic film and characterized by fluorescence. The fluorescence excitation wavelength is 350 nm and the emission wavelength is 613 nm, that is, the rare earth light conversion film which can convert the ultraviolet part of the solar light into the red orange light needed for the photosynthesis of crops is obtained. (3) Rhodamine B with strong fluorescence effect is selected. Polyethylene glycol 1000 is a long chain, Rhodamine B derivatives with fat soluble long chain were obtained by esterification reaction. The obtained derivatives were characterized by IR and fluorescence. For the Rhodamine B derivative, the fluorescence excitation wavelength is 568 nm and the emission wavelength is 603 nm. An organic light conversion film was prepared, which can transform the yellowish green light from sunlight into the red orange light needed for crop photosynthesis.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：O641.4

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