普鲁士蓝、碳材料修饰电极材料的制备及其在电化学检测生物分子的研究

发布时间：2018-08-23 14:04

【摘要】：目前,随着经济的飞速发展,环境、能源以及食品安全等问题获得越来越多的关注,从而生物分子的检测便显得越发重要。碳材料具有化学稳定性好、导电性好、制备方法简单、造价低等优点,是设计电化学传感器的理想基底和重要组成部分。普鲁士蓝(PB)则具有优良的磁性、电催化和电化学性能。因此,本论文以普鲁士蓝(PB)和不同的碳材料作为主要组成部分制备了三种电化学传感器,分别电化学检测水合肼、抗坏血酸和多巴胺;主要内容如下:1.首先利用电化学沉积法,直接将普鲁士蓝和壳聚糖(CS)沉积到预处理的碳布(CC)上,得到电极PB/CS/CC。并用X-射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电镜(SEM)以及电化学测试等手段对三元电极材料进行表征。然后将PB/CS/CC电极应用于抗坏血酸的检测,结果表明该传感器具有超高的灵敏度、较低的检测限和宽的检测范围,并且在实际样品的检测中显示出很好的性能。2.制备了金属有机骨架材料(ZIF-67),并将其作为模板碳化后得到掺杂钴的多孔碳十二面体(CNP)。随后利用CNP催化合成PB,得到复合物PB/CNP。最后再利用聚吡咯(PPy)包裹PB/CNP,得到复合材料PB/CNP/PPy。接着为了检测复合材料形貌和结构,用XRD、FTIR、SEM以及电化学测试等手段对三元电极材料进行表征,并利用紫外可见分光仪进行PB合成的动力学研究,结果表明CNP可促进PB的合成。然后将该复合电极应用于电催化检测水合肼,结果表明PB/CNP/PPy电极具有超长检测范围、较低检测限、较高灵敏度、以及很好的电化学稳定性和抗干扰能力。3.以碳化有机微球的方式制备碳微球(C),再利用碳微球来催化合成PB,制备了PB/C复合材料,随后又利用PPy来包裹PB/C材料,最终制备了PB/C/PPy复合材料,利用透射电镜(TEM)、SEM、FTIR、XRD等手段对材料进行表征。最终使用滴涂的方式制备了PB/C/PPy修饰电极用以检测多巴胺,发现该电极是一种优良的多巴胺传感器。
[Abstract]:At present, with the rapid development of economy, more and more attention has been paid to the environment, energy and food safety, so the detection of biomolecules has become more and more important. Carbon has the advantages of good chemical stability, good electrical conductivity, simple preparation method and low cost. It is an ideal substrate and an important part in the design of electrochemical sensors. Prussian blue (PB) has excellent magnetic, electrocatalytic and electrochemical properties. Therefore, three kinds of electrochemical sensors were prepared by using Prussian blue (PB) and different carbon materials as the main components in this thesis. The electrochemical detection of hydrazine hydrate, ascorbic acid and dopamine was carried out respectively. The main contents are as follows: 1. Firstly, Prussian blue and chitosan (CS) were deposited directly on the pretreated carbon cloth (CC) by electrochemical deposition method, and the electrode PBS / CS / CCS was obtained. The ternary electrode materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),) infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical measurement. Then the PB/CS/CC electrode is applied to the detection of ascorbic acid. The results show that the sensor has high sensitivity, low detection limit and wide detection range, and shows good performance in the actual sample detection. A metal-organic skeleton material (ZIF-67) was prepared and used as a template for carbonization to obtain cobalt-doped (CNP). With porous carbon dodecahedron. After that, PBs were synthesized by CNP catalysis, and the complex PBR / CNP was obtained. Finally, the polypyrrole (PPy) was used to encapsulate the PBR / CNP, and then the composite PBR / CNP / PPy. was obtained. Then, in order to detect the morphology and structure of the composite, the ternary electrode materials were characterized by XRDI FTIR SEM and electrochemical measurement. The kinetics of PB synthesis was studied by UV-Vis spectrometer. The results showed that CNP could promote the synthesis of PB. Then the composite electrode is applied to the electrocatalytic detection of hydrazine hydrate. The results show that the PB/CNP/PPy electrode has the characteristics of super-long detection range, low detection limit, high sensitivity, good electrochemical stability and anti-interference ability. Carbon microspheres (C),) were prepared by carbonized organic microspheres, and then PB/C composites were prepared by using carbon microspheres to catalyze the synthesis of PBBs, and then PPy was used to encapsulate PB/C materials. Finally, PB/C/PPy composites were prepared. The materials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), SEMX, FTIR, XRD and so on. Finally, the PB/C/PPy modified electrode was prepared by drip coating to detect dopamine, and it was found that the electrode was an excellent dopamine sensor.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O657.1;TP212

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