制备生物炭的结构特征及炭化机理的XRD光谱分析

发布时间：2018-09-10 10:48

【摘要】：XRD光谱分析是研究物质内部结晶结构物质的重要手段。利用X射线技术分析了不同物料来源和制备方式对生物炭结晶结构特征及其炭化机理。结果表明:生物炭均含有d101和d002晶面衍射峰类石墨微晶纤维素炭,但炭化后析出的盐分随不同物料,差异较大,如牛粪、蓖麻粕以及糠醛渣的CaCO3含量要高于其他生物炭,而仅牛粪与蓖麻粕含有CaMg(CO3)2。随温度升高,玉米秸秆炭中半纤维素优先分解,然后为纤维素石墨微晶化,结晶度提高,向更稳定的碳化合物转化。其中的矿物盐分随着炭化裂解温度升高,由稀土类氧化物→醋酸盐类物质→碳酸盐类物质逐步析出,CaCO3的含量也随之增多。不同炭化方法的炭化机理不同,先干燥后炭化可促进半纤维素的分解,高温微波处理则是强烈震荡,主要促进物质多键断裂分解,碳酸盐类物质析出相对较少。通过X射线衍射分析可以很好研究生物炭内部结构结晶特征,可有效反映其炭化过程裂解机理。
[Abstract]:XRD spectroscopy is an important method to study the crystalline structure material. X-ray technique was used to analyze the crystalline structure and carbonization mechanism of biochar from different materials sources and preparation methods. The results showed that all biochar contained d101 and d002 crystal plane diffraction peaks graphite microcrystalline cellulose carbon, but the salt precipitated after carbonization varied greatly with different materials, such as cow dung, castor meal and furfural residue, the CaCO3 content of them was higher than that of other biochar. Only cow dung and castor meal contained CaMg (CO3) 2. With the increase of temperature, hemicellulose in corn straw carbon is decomposed preferentially, then the cellulose graphite is microcrystalline, the crystallinity is increased, and the conversion to a more stable carbon compound is achieved. With the increase of carbonization pyrolysis temperature, the content of Caco _ 3 precipitated gradually from rare earth oxides and acetic acid salts. The carbonization mechanism of different carbonization methods is different. First drying and then carbonization can promote the decomposition of hemicellulose, while the microwave treatment at high temperature is a strong shock, which mainly promotes the decomposition of multi-bond, and the precipitation of carbonate is relatively less. The structure and crystallization characteristics of biochar can be well studied by X-ray diffraction analysis, which can effectively reflect the pyrolysis mechanism of the carbonization process.
【作者单位】：内蒙古民族大学分析测试中心天然产物与废弃物利用研究所;内蒙古大学生物学博士后科研流动站;内蒙古大学内蒙古自治区环境污染控制与废物资源化重点实验室;内蒙古民族大学农学院;
【分类号】：O657.33

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