非离子型表面活性剂诱导聚吡咯界面聚合的研究及表征

发布时间：2018-10-31 13:52

【摘要】：超级电容器作为新型换能与储能设备,因有高充放电速度、较长的循环寿命、较高的功率密度等优点而广泛用于便携式电子设备、电动汽车等。导电高分子聚吡咯(PPy)因具有良好的化学稳定性、环境友好、较高的电导率、易合成等优点,是超电容优选的电极材料。本论文以吡咯为单体,三氯化铁为氧化剂,水和氯仿为溶剂,以Span80、Tween80、OP10三种非离子型表面活性剂单独或复配使用,利用表面活性剂的特性调控界面多分散体系,制造软模板合成聚吡咯。通过红外光谱测试、扫描电子显微镜测试、电性能测试(循环伏安、恒电流充放电)对PPy的化学结构、微观形貌和电化学性能进行表征,研究表明:Span80、OP10、Tween80单独使用对聚吡咯化学结构影响不大,但对微观形貌和电性能影响显著。25℃条件下可合成“泡状”、“囊泡”、“水藻”等不同结构;在Span80为3.32 g/L时,可制备PPy比电容368.18 F/g,微观形貌为孔隙均匀分布的膜状。采用Span80/Tween80、Span80/OP10双组份复配体系时,改变亲水亲油平衡值(HLB值),比电容随HLB值的增加呈“W”形变化;Span80/Tween80复配效果优于Span80/OP10。当 HLB 值为 12.00,Span80 为 1.402×10-1 g/L,Tween80 为 3.598×10-1 g/L,可制备最大比电容354.21 F/g,呈“泡状”结构的PPy。复配为三元体系,调节不同用量,当复配总浓度为 3.00 g/L,HLB 值为 10.00 时,Span80、OP10、Tween80 浓度分别为 1.27 g/L、1.27 g/L和0.46 g/L,比电容最大值为432.80 F/g,其形貌为“多褶皱囊泡”,循环稳定性较佳,经1000次循环,比电容保留87.50%。
[Abstract]:As a new type of energy transfer and energy storage equipment, supercapacitors are widely used in portable electronic equipment, electric vehicles and so on because of their advantages of high charge and discharge speed, long cycle life and high power density. Polypyrrole (PPy), a conductive polymer, is an excellent electrode material for its excellent chemical stability, environmental friendliness, high conductivity and easy synthesis. In this paper, using pyrrole as monomer, ferric chloride as oxidant, water and chloroform as solvent, three kinds of Nonionic surfactants of Span80,Tween80,OP10 were used alone or in combination. Synthesis of polypyrrole by making soft template. The chemical structure, microstructure and electrochemical properties of PPy were characterized by IR, SEM and electrical properties (cyclic voltammetry, constant current charge-discharge). The results showed that: Span80,OP10, Using Tween80 alone had little effect on the chemical structure of polypyrrole, but had a significant effect on the microstructure and electrical properties. Different structures such as "bubble", "vesicle" and "algae" could be synthesized at 25 鈩，

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