纳米铁酸钴、铁酸镍及其铝粉复合物的制备与催化性能研究
发布时间：2018-11-15 14:33
【摘要】：纳米金属氧化物及纳米铝热剂均可以有效改善固体推进剂的燃速和压力指数。本文研究了不同形貌、粒径的尖晶石钴铁氧体、镍铁氧体的制备,以及与纳米铝粉混合后的复合物对固体推进剂燃烧性能的影响。通过水热法制备了粒径约为30nm、50nm的颗粒状CoFe2O4,采用加热回流法制备了不规则棒状CoFe2O4、不规则颗粒状NiFe2O4,超声混合法制备了CoFe2O4/Al、 NiFe2O4/Al复合物及两者与固体推进剂主要组分(HMX、NC、CL-20、RDX)混合的纳米复合物。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜及能谱散射光谱(SEM-EDS)表征手段,对尖晶石钻铁氧体、镍铁氧体及对应的与纳米铝粉混合后复合物的物相组成与外观形貌进行了表征。通过差示扫描量热DSC法,测试了上述CoFe2O4、NiFe2O4、CoFe2O4/Al、 NiFe2O4/Al对固体推进剂主要组分热分解过程的催化性能,获得了其热动力学机理方程。结果表明：50nm CoFe2O4、50nm CoFe2O4/Al、NiFe2O4、NiFe2O4/Al对HMX热分解峰峰形和分解峰峰顶温度无明显影响。50nm CoFe2O4、50nm CoFe2O4/Al、NiFe2O4、 NiFe2O4/Al的加入使NC分解温度分别降低了5.21℃、3.84℃、3.44℃、3.38℃,同时放热量增加了143J·g-1、293 J·g-1、135J·g-1和103 J·g-1。50nm CoFe2O4、50nm CoFe2O4/Al与NiFe2O4、NiFe2O4/Al的加入使CL-20分解温度分别降低了4.66℃、5.33℃、2.41℃、5.19℃,相比纯CL-20的热分解过程的分解速率有所加快。50nm CoFe2O4、50nm CoFe2O4/Al、30nm CoFe2O4、30nm CoFe2O4/Al、NiFe2O4、NiFe2O4/Al六种复合物的加入均降低了RDX热分解的表观活化能,对RDX的热分解具有一定催化作用。由于尖品石钴铁氧体、镍铁氧体形貌和粒径大小的差异,50nm CoFe2O4、50nm CoFe2O4/Al、 NiFe2O4、NiFe2O4/Al的加入没有改变RDX的热分解机理,30nm CoFe2O4、30nm CoFe2O4/Al的加入改变了RDX的热分解机理。
[Abstract]:Both nanometallic oxide and aluminothermic agent can effectively improve the burning rate and pressure index of solid propellant. In this paper, the preparation of spinel cobalt ferrite and nickel ferrite with different morphology and particle size, and the effect of the composite mixed with nanometer aluminum powder on the combustion performance of solid propellant were studied. CoFe2O4, with particle size of about 30 nm was prepared by hydrothermal method. Irregular CoFe2O4, irregular granular NiFe2O4, was prepared by heating reflux method. CoFe2O4/Al, was prepared by ultrasonic mixing method. NiFe2O4/Al composites and nanocomposites mixed with the main components of solid propellant (HMX,NC,CL-20,RDX). The phase composition and appearance of spinel ferrite, nickel ferrite and corresponding composite mixed with nano-aluminum powder were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive scattering spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). By differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the catalytic properties of the above mentioned CoFe2O4,NiFe2O4,CoFe2O4/Al, NiFe2O4/Al for the thermal decomposition of the main components of solid propellants were tested, and the thermodynamic mechanism equations were obtained. The results showed that 50nm CoFe2O4,50nm CoFe2O4/Al,NiFe2O4,NiFe2O4/Al had no significant effect on the peak shape and peak temperature of HMX thermal decomposition. The addition of 50nm CoFe2O4,50nm CoFe2O4/Al,NiFe2O4, NiFe2O4/Al reduced the decomposition temperature of NC by 5.21 鈩，
本文编号：2333574
[Abstract]:Both nanometallic oxide and aluminothermic agent can effectively improve the burning rate and pressure index of solid propellant. In this paper, the preparation of spinel cobalt ferrite and nickel ferrite with different morphology and particle size, and the effect of the composite mixed with nanometer aluminum powder on the combustion performance of solid propellant were studied. CoFe2O4, with particle size of about 30 nm was prepared by hydrothermal method. Irregular CoFe2O4, irregular granular NiFe2O4, was prepared by heating reflux method. CoFe2O4/Al, was prepared by ultrasonic mixing method. NiFe2O4/Al composites and nanocomposites mixed with the main components of solid propellant (HMX,NC,CL-20,RDX). The phase composition and appearance of spinel ferrite, nickel ferrite and corresponding composite mixed with nano-aluminum powder were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive scattering spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). By differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the catalytic properties of the above mentioned CoFe2O4,NiFe2O4,CoFe2O4/Al, NiFe2O4/Al for the thermal decomposition of the main components of solid propellants were tested, and the thermodynamic mechanism equations were obtained. The results showed that 50nm CoFe2O4,50nm CoFe2O4/Al,NiFe2O4,NiFe2O4/Al had no significant effect on the peak shape and peak temperature of HMX thermal decomposition. The addition of 50nm CoFe2O4,50nm CoFe2O4/Al,NiFe2O4, NiFe2O4/Al reduced the decomposition temperature of NC by 5.21 鈩，
本文编号：2333574
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/huaxue/2333574.html
教材专著
