基于核酸等温放大的生物传感检测汞离子研究
发布时间:2018-11-22 07:01
【摘要】:汞离子(Hg~(2+))是一种剧毒的重金属离子,它可以通过食物链的富集作用的层层累积最终进入到人体内,对人类的肾脏、神经系统等各个器官系统造成不可修复的损伤。汞离子存在于自然界或者人工合成的产品中,如海洋和火山中,化石燃料燃烧排放,金矿的开采,电池制造、电子行业等领域。更重要的是,在牙齿矫正的过程中也存在着汞离子(Hg~(2+))泄露的可能。因此,一种能够高效快速检测出汞离子的检测方案亟待被发现。基于核酸外切酶Ⅲ的特异性酶切作用,氧化石墨烯的荧光猝灭效应以及T-Hg~(2+)-T的特异性识别,我们开展了以下的工作对汞离子进行检测:(1)基于核酸外切酶Ⅲ辅助的一种高效、高选择、无标记的链置换检测汞离子的方法。带有粘性末端的发夹DNA和具有辅助作用的DNA之间通过Hg~(2+)与两条DNA链段上的胸腺嘧啶(T)之间形成的特殊的错配结构(T-Hg~(2+)-T)引发反应链置换反应进而间接的检测汞离子。嵌入剂染料SYBR Green I(SG)和核酸外切酶Ⅲ(Exo Ⅲ)的使用为实验提供了一种无标记的检测方法同时也降低了背景信号。在本章中对T-T错配的个数、染料SG的浓度、核酸外切酶Ⅲ的浓度、酶切的时间以及温度进行了优化。在所有条件均为最优状态下,汞离子(Hg~(2+))的线性检测线范围是0.01-1 nM,最低检测限是9.42 pM。此方法展现了良好的选择性,对于实验室的自来水和眼镜湖的湖水都能够很好的检测Hg~(2+)。(2)通过核酸外切酶Ⅲ(Exo Ⅲ)的辅助,嵌入剂SG以及氧化石墨烯(GO)的配合而进行的双级放大杂交链置换反应检测汞离子。首先,辅助DNA与发夹DNA(HP)与汞离子(Hg~(2+))通过T-Hg~(2+)-T错配结构形成了一条3?端为凹末端的长的双链DNA;加入Exo Ⅲ后,双链DNA从3?端的羟基末端开始被酶切,酶切产物中包含引发杂交链置换反应(HCR)反应的引发链、辅助DNA链段和Hg~(2+)。引发链引发了HCR反应形成一条长的双链DNA结构,并且由于目标的循环使用不断释放引发链,最终实现了对目标的双级放大作用。实验中对辅助DNA链与发夹DNA HP的T-T错配个数、嵌入剂SG、核酸外切酶Ⅲ和GO的浓度以及酶切时间进行了优化。通过优化上述实验条件,在最优的实验的条件下,我们对汞离子进行检测得到的线性浓度在0至1.5 nM之间并且最低检测限为7.37 pM。同时该方法也表现出对其他金属离子良好的选择性,并且对实际样品的检测也具有较高的灵敏度。(3)研究了一种无标记的通过T-Hg~(2+)-T特异性结合机理构建的Y型DNA链段检测汞离子(Hg~(2+))方法。本实验中在汞离子的存在下,辅助DNA与发夹DNA HP1通过T-Hg~(2+)-T特异性结合进行链置换反应打开HP1的颈环结构形成双链DNA,HP1凸出的末端能够打开发夹DNA HP2,HP3引发第二次的链置换反应,形成Y型DNA链段。加入的核酸外切酶Ⅲ将未反应的发夹DNA HP1、HP2、HP3酶切,降低荧光背景信号,实现了对汞离子的双级放大检测。
[Abstract]:Mercury ion (Hg~ (2) is a highly toxic heavy metal ion, which can be accumulated into human body through the accumulation of food chain, which can cause irreparable damage to human kidney, nervous system and other organ systems. Mercury ions are found in nature or synthetic products, such as oceans and volcanoes, fossil fuel emissions, gold mining, battery manufacturing, electronics, and so on. More importantly, mercury ions (Hg~ (2) may leak during orthodontics. Therefore, a method to detect mercury ions efficiently and quickly is urgently needed to be discovered. The fluorescence quenching of graphene oxide and the specific recognition of T-Hg2-T were based on the specific enzyme digestion of nucleic acid exonuclease 鈪,
本文编号:2348428
[Abstract]:Mercury ion (Hg~ (2) is a highly toxic heavy metal ion, which can be accumulated into human body through the accumulation of food chain, which can cause irreparable damage to human kidney, nervous system and other organ systems. Mercury ions are found in nature or synthetic products, such as oceans and volcanoes, fossil fuel emissions, gold mining, battery manufacturing, electronics, and so on. More importantly, mercury ions (Hg~ (2) may leak during orthodontics. Therefore, a method to detect mercury ions efficiently and quickly is urgently needed to be discovered. The fluorescence quenching of graphene oxide and the specific recognition of T-Hg2-T were based on the specific enzyme digestion of nucleic acid exonuclease 鈪,
本文编号:2348428
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