纳米零价铁的制备及应用研究进展

发布时间：2019-01-07 13:06

【摘要】：纳米零价铁催化材料具有价格低廉、比表面积大、还原性强、吸附性和反应活性优异等优点,可通过不同机制降解各类环境污染物(如重金属、无机阴离子、放射性元素、卤代有机化合物、硝基芳香化合物、环境内分泌干扰物等),被视为一种有着广阔应用前景的新材料,是目前国内外研究的热点。本文详细介绍了纳米零价铁的典型制备方法(如物理法、化学液相还原法、热分解法、碳热法、多元醇法等)和新型绿色合成技术,同时总结了纳米零价铁在环境污染物处理和催化方面的最新应用进展,阐述了纳米零价铁在各类反应中的作用机理和效能,并提出了纳米零价铁催化材料在实际应用中尚需解决的团聚和氧化等问题,未来的研究目标应着重于改进或开发新制备方法以降低成本和拓宽纳米零价铁催化材料的应用范围。
[Abstract]:Nanocrystalline zero-valent iron catalytic materials have the advantages of low price, large specific surface area, strong reductivity, excellent adsorbability and reaction activity, and can be degraded by different mechanisms, such as heavy metals, inorganic anions, radioactive elements, etc. Halogenated organic compounds, nitroaromatic compounds, environmental endocrine disruptors, etc. In this paper, the typical preparation methods of nanocrystalline zero-valent iron (such as physical method, chemical liquid phase reduction method, thermal decomposition method, carbothermal method, polyol method, etc.) and the new green synthesis technology are introduced in detail. At the same time, the recent application of nano-zero-valent iron in environmental pollutant treatment and catalysis is summarized, and the mechanism and efficiency of nano-zero-valent iron in various reactions are described. The problems of agglomeration and oxidation of nanometer zero-valent iron catalytic materials in practical application are put forward. The future research goal should focus on improving or developing new preparation methods to reduce the cost and broaden the application scope of nano-zero-valent iron catalytic materials.
【作者单位】：浙江工业大学化学工程学院工业催化研究所绿色化学合成技术国家重点实验室培育基地;
【基金】：浙江省膜分离与水处理协同创新中心项目
【分类号】：O643.36;X505

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