钒基催化剂上丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯研究进展:从有氧到无氧

发布时间：2019-03-22 09:43

【摘要】：与已经工业化的丙烷直接脱氢制丙烯技术相比,丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯因其放热反应的特点,可以在较低的温度下完成反应从而降低了能耗,且氧气的存在抑制了催化剂的积炭等优点而备受关注。然而,在过去三十年的研究历程里,丙烯的低选择性和低收率始终是该技术工业化面临的主要问题。本文从钒基催化剂上丙烷氧化脱氢的反应机理入手,对比了有氧和无氧条件下的丙烷氧化脱氢反应,分析了氧气的存在对丙烯选择性造成的不利影响,介绍了近几年所采用的提高丙烯选择性和收率的新的工艺方法,简述了颇具工业化前景的流化床反应器和膜反应器在丙烷氧化脱氢反应中的应用。氧气的存在是造成丙烯选择性低的重要原因,实现无氧条件下的丙烷氧化脱氢反应过程和催化剂的循环再生过程同时进行有望成为新的研究趋势。
[Abstract]:Compared with the commercial technology of direct dehydrogenation of propane to propene, oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propene has the characteristics of exothermic reaction, which can complete the reaction at lower temperature, thus reducing the energy consumption. Moreover, the presence of oxygen has the advantages of inhibiting the carbon deposition of the catalyst, which has attracted more and more attention. However, in the past three decades, the low selectivity and low yield of propylene have always been the main problems in the industrialization of the technology. Based on the mechanism of oxidative dehydrogenation of propane over vanadium-based catalysts, the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane under aerobic and anaerobic conditions was compared, and the adverse effects of oxygen on propylene selectivity were analyzed. A new process to improve the selectivity and yield of propylene in recent years is introduced. The application of fluidized bed reactor and membrane reactor in oxidative dehydrogenation of propane is briefly described. The presence of oxygen is an important reason for the low selectivity of propylene. It is expected that the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane in anaerobic condition and the cycle regeneration process of catalyst will be carried out at the same time, which is expected to become a new research trend.
【作者单位】：昆明理工大学化学工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(20866004)
【分类号】：O643.36;TQ221.212

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