金纳米颗粒的制备及暗场观测系统

发布时间：2019-04-19 12:01

【摘要】：金纳米颗粒由于其独特的光学性质、无毒性、生物兼容性,逐渐成为国际纳米技术热门研究材料,在生物成像和微纳传感器等领域都有应用价值。设计有效的方法以制备粒径均一,稳定的金纳米颗粒显得非常重要。本文在金纳米颗粒的有效制备和金纳米颗粒成像方面开展了相关研究工作,具体工作如下:1.以AT89C51单片机作为最主要的控制器件,设计并制作了一种小型桨式搅拌装置。该装置采用脉冲宽度调制技术调速,编写了计算机控制软件,通过单片机和计算机能进行串口通信,能在计算机上实时控制和显示电机转速和设定工作时间的剩余值,可分别实现对直流电机转速和工作时间的连续、无限控制。2.将该搅拌装置用于制取金纳米颗粒。采用柠檬酸三钠还原法和晶种法,成功获得了不同粒径的金纳米颗粒,并在透射电镜下进行表征。根据不同的反应机理和透射电镜表征结果,获得了制取粒径较大的稳定的球形金纳米颗粒的最佳制备方法。通过对比分析人工搅拌和搅拌器搅拌的实验结果,证明匀速搅拌对于制备粒径均一、稳定的金纳米颗粒的重要性。3.在普通光学显微镜上,通过对物镜出射光进行处理,设计和搭建了一种新型的暗场显微镜成像系统。该系统不需要限制物镜的数值孔径,提高了成像分辨率和应用范围,尤其适用于要求大数值孔径物镜的成像光路。最后,用该成像系统对金纳米颗粒进行实时观测和成像,成像良好,实现了纳米尺度范围的成像。
[Abstract]:Because of its unique optical properties, non-toxicity and biological compatibility, gold nanoparticles have gradually become the hot research materials of nanotechnology in the world, and have application value in the fields of bio-imaging and micro-nano sensors. It is very important to design an effective method to prepare uniform and stable gold nanoparticles. In this paper, the effective preparation of gold nanoparticles and imaging of gold nanoparticles have been studied. The specific work is as follows: 1. Using AT89C51 single chip microcomputer as the main control device, a small paddle stirring device was designed and fabricated. The device uses pulse width modulation technology to adjust speed, and compiles the computer control software. It can communicate through serial port through single chip microcomputer and computer, and can control and display the residual value of motor speed and set working time in real time on the computer. Continuous, infinite control of speed and working time of DC motor can be realized respectively. 2. The stirring device is used to prepare gold nanoparticles. The gold nanoparticles with different particle sizes were successfully obtained by trisodium citrate reduction method and seed method, and were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). According to different reaction mechanism and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the optimal preparation method of stable spherical gold nanoparticles with large particle size was obtained. By comparing and analyzing the experimental results of artificial agitation and agitator agitation, it is proved that uniform agitation is important for the preparation of uniform and stable gold nanoparticles. 3. A new kind of dark field microscope imaging system is designed and built by processing the emitted light from the objective lens on the ordinary optical microscope. The system does not need to limit the numerical aperture of the objective lens and improves the imaging resolution and application range. It is especially suitable for the imaging optical path which requires large numerical aperture objective lens. Finally, the gold nanoparticles are observed and imaged in real-time by this imaging system. The imaging results are good, and the nano-scale imaging is realized.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O614.123;TB383.1

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