主动光条件下的溢油测量方法研究

发布时间：2019-04-26 23:00

【摘要】：由于海洋石油资源开发造成的溢油事故频发,石油泄漏成为了海洋最主要的污染源。这不仅对生态环境危害巨大,而且对经济造成了巨大的损失。为了及时准确地发现溢油事故,急需一种有效的测量方法实现水面溢油的快速检测。结合条纹图像的空间频率特性,本文使用投影仪作为主动光源、CCD探测器作为光电检测装置,设计了主动光条件下的溢油检测系统。研究中需要解决的问题及相关技术有:首先,研究了水面溢油检测领域的国内外相关文献,分析对比了不同水面溢油检测系统和方法的优缺点,为系统设计奠定理论基础。在荧光技术、石油物质荧光特性的研究基础上,开展了石油物质的荧光光谱实验,并分析实验结果,从而验证本系统检测溢油方法的可行性。然后,利用投影仪光源、滤光片、CCD探测器搭建溢油测量的光学平台,开展低照度暗室实验。设计图像预处理算法并进行算法性能评价,对空间频率定义、调制传递函数原理以及测量方法进行深入研究。在MTF传统测量方法基础上,对倾斜刃边法加以改进,并与传统方法的仿真结果作对比分析。最后,结合低照度实验模型,设计搭建溢油检测系统进行户外实验,并基于VS2010软件设计实现图像数据网口传输、溢油检测处理、检测结果显示等功能。利用该系统对不同环境下的溢油展开检测研究,分析实验测量数据,根据实际环境完善水面溢油检测系统。本文利用所设计的溢油检测系统进行了大量实验。结果表明,本文改进的倾斜刃边法在精度、稳定性、信噪比指标上均优于传统算法。并且该系统成本低、功耗小,能实时、高效、精准地完成水面溢油的检测。该系统能够广泛适用于码头、港口等易出现溢油的区域。
[Abstract]:Due to the frequent oil spills caused by the exploitation of offshore oil resources, oil spills have become the main source of pollution in the ocean. This not only does great harm to the ecological environment, but also causes huge losses to the economy. In order to find the oil spill accident in time and accurately, an effective measurement method is urgently needed to realize the rapid detection of oil spill on the surface of the water. According to the spatial frequency characteristics of fringe image, the oil spill detection system under active light condition is designed by using projector as active light source and CCD detector as photoelectric detector. The problems that need to be solved in the research are as follows: firstly, the related literatures in the field of oil spill detection at home and abroad are studied, and the advantages and disadvantages of different oil spill detection systems and methods are analyzed and compared in order to lay a theoretical foundation for the design of the system. Based on the study of fluorescence technology and fluorescence characteristics of petroleum substances, the fluorescence spectrum experiments of petroleum substances were carried out, and the experimental results were analyzed to verify the feasibility of this system for detecting oil spills. Then, the light source of projector, filter and CCD detector are used to set up the optical platform for oil spill measurement, and the experiment of low illuminance dark chamber is carried out. The image preprocessing algorithm is designed and the performance of the algorithm is evaluated. The definition of spatial frequency, the principle of modulation transfer function and the measurement method are deeply studied. Based on the traditional MTF measurement method, the inclined edge method is improved, and the simulation results are compared with the traditional method. Finally, combined with the low illumination experimental model, the oil spill detection system is designed and built for outdoor experiments. Based on the VS2010 software, the image data network port transmission, oil spill detection processing, detection results display and other functions are designed and implemented. The system is used to detect oil spills in different environments, analyze the experimental data, and perfect the oil spill detection system on water surface according to the actual environment. In this paper, a large number of experiments have been carried out by using the designed oil spill detection system. The results show that the improved slant edge method is superior to the traditional algorithm in accuracy, stability and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The system has the advantages of low cost, low power consumption, real-time, efficient and accurate detection of oil spill. The system can be widely used in wharf, port and other areas where oil spills are easy to occur.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O657.3;TP391.41

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