与界面吸附相关的聚电解质检测和复合材料制备的研究
发布时间：2019-04-30 14:11
【摘要】：聚电解质是一类重要的有应用前景的功能性高分子聚合物,它在离子交换,渗透、催化以及药物缓释、环保领域有着广泛而特殊的应用,因此,聚电解质分子的相互作用机理以及其应用成为人们研究的热点。研究聚电解质的界面现象以及机理对于促进聚电解质的应用非常重要,传统的界面检测技术均有种种缺点,而新型的和频振动光谱(SFG)技术具有高灵敏度,原位无损检测的优点,这对于聚电解质的界面检测具有重要意义。P4VP是一种典型的聚碱类聚电解质,PAA是一种典型的聚酸类聚电解质,研究两者的相互作用机理以及作用过程中界面的分子结构是一个有趣而又有意义的课题。先前对此的研究只是利用红外以及核磁共振的手段进行的,然而这存在一个不可避免的缺点,即无法排除本体的信号,不能再原位无损地检测具体反应过程中官能团的变化,因而所得到的结果是不够准确的。和频振动光谱(SFG)技术作为一种有效的分析检测手段在高分子材料乃至生物医学领域具有重要的应用价值。我们通过分别对比聚电解质P4VP在不同化学环境(水、PAA溶液、HCl溶液)下,不同偏振模式(SSP,PPP)下,不同频率范围(1500-1800cm-1,2900-3600cm-1)的和频振动光谱结果,结合相关的研究资料,研究了不同条件下聚电解质P4VP的吡啶环以及质子化作用产生的官能团,水分子氢键,羧基的取向变化,进一步分析了聚电解质P4VP与PAA在表界面相互作用的机理,这对于以后聚电解质的反应动力学研究乃至相关的应用设计具有重要的意义。除了聚电解质反应的表界面检测,我们还对聚多巴胺这种聚电解质进行了应用复合材料设计及吸附性能检测。多巴胺是一种高吸附性安全环保廉价的材料,聚多巴胺也同样具有很好的吸附性、安全性和结构稳定性,为了使多巴胺在处理废水中的铜离子领域有更好的应用,我们研究了了聚多巴胺石墨烯的聚合物复合体系,使用模板法结合化学还原的方法快速高效的制备了三维多孔材料。并且通过对比分析聚多巴胺囊泡吸附铜离子、石墨烯吸附铜离子、聚多巴胺石墨烯复合材料吸附铜离子的实验结果,发现了新制造的聚多巴胺石墨烯复合材料具有较好的吸附铜离子效果,解吸附实验表明制备的石墨烯材料具有一定的可再吸附能力,尽管不如单纯的石墨烯材料。本文为制备高吸附性的多巴胺石墨烯材料提供了一种较为快速高效的方法,为石墨烯基复合材料应用于污水处理领域的研究提供了一些参考。
[Abstract]:Polyelectrolyte is a kind of important functional polymer with potential application. It has a wide range of special applications in ion exchange, penetration, catalysis, drug release and environmental protection. The interaction mechanism of polyelectrolyte molecules and its application have become the focus of research. It is very important to study the interface phenomenon and mechanism of polyelectrolyte in order to promote the application of polyelectrolyte. The traditional interface detection technique has all kinds of shortcomings, while the new (SFG) technique with sum frequency vibration spectrum has high sensitivity. P4VP is a typical polyelectrolyte and PAA is a typical polyelectrolyte. It is an interesting and meaningful subject to study the mechanism of the interaction and the molecular structure of the interface in the process of interaction. Previous studies have only been carried out by means of infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). However, there is an inevitable disadvantage that it is impossible to eliminate the signals of the body and to detect the changes of functional groups in the specific reaction process in situ and non-destructive. As a result, the results are not accurate enough. As an effective analytical method, the (SFG) technique has important application value in the field of macromolecule materials and even biomedicine. We compared the sum-frequency vibrational spectra of polyelectrolyte P4VP in different chemical environments (water, PAA solution, HCl solution), in different polarization modes (SSP,PPP) and in different frequency ranges (1500 脳 1800 cm / 1, 2900 脳 3600 cm / 1), respectively, under different chemical environments (water, PAA solution, HCl solution), and in different polarization modes (SSP,PPP). The pyridine ring of polyelectrolyte P4VP and the change of orientation of functional group, hydrogen bond of water molecule and carboxyl group produced by protonation under different conditions were studied. The mechanism of the interaction between polyelectrolyte P4VP and PAA on the surface interface is further analyzed, which is of great significance to the study of the reaction kinetics of polyelectrolyte and the design of its application in the future. In addition to the surface interface detection of polyelectrolyte reaction, we have also designed and tested the adsorption performance of the polyelectrolyte, which is a polyelectrolyte based on polyelectrolyte, by using the composite material. Dopamine is a kind of high adsorptive safety, environmental protection cheap material, polydopamine also has very good adsorptive property, safety and structural stability, in order to make dopamine have better application in the copper ion field of wastewater treatment. The polymer composite system of poly (dopamine graphene) was studied. Three-dimensional porous materials were prepared rapidly and efficiently by template method combined with chemical reduction method. The experimental results of adsorption of copper ions by polydopamine vesicles, copper ions adsorbed by graphene, and copper ions adsorbed by polydopamine graphene composites were compared and analyzed. It is found that the newly fabricated polydopamine graphene composites have a good effect on the adsorption of copper ions, and the desorption experiments show that the prepared graphene materials have certain readsorbability, although they are not as good as those of pure graphene materials. This paper provides a rapid and efficient method for the preparation of highly adsorptive dopamine graphene materials and provides some references for the application of graphene matrix composites in the field of wastewater treatment.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O631;TB332
[Abstract]:Polyelectrolyte is a kind of important functional polymer with potential application. It has a wide range of special applications in ion exchange, penetration, catalysis, drug release and environmental protection. The interaction mechanism of polyelectrolyte molecules and its application have become the focus of research. It is very important to study the interface phenomenon and mechanism of polyelectrolyte in order to promote the application of polyelectrolyte. The traditional interface detection technique has all kinds of shortcomings, while the new (SFG) technique with sum frequency vibration spectrum has high sensitivity. P4VP is a typical polyelectrolyte and PAA is a typical polyelectrolyte. It is an interesting and meaningful subject to study the mechanism of the interaction and the molecular structure of the interface in the process of interaction. Previous studies have only been carried out by means of infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). However, there is an inevitable disadvantage that it is impossible to eliminate the signals of the body and to detect the changes of functional groups in the specific reaction process in situ and non-destructive. As a result, the results are not accurate enough. As an effective analytical method, the (SFG) technique has important application value in the field of macromolecule materials and even biomedicine. We compared the sum-frequency vibrational spectra of polyelectrolyte P4VP in different chemical environments (water, PAA solution, HCl solution), in different polarization modes (SSP,PPP) and in different frequency ranges (1500 脳 1800 cm / 1, 2900 脳 3600 cm / 1), respectively, under different chemical environments (water, PAA solution, HCl solution), and in different polarization modes (SSP,PPP). The pyridine ring of polyelectrolyte P4VP and the change of orientation of functional group, hydrogen bond of water molecule and carboxyl group produced by protonation under different conditions were studied. The mechanism of the interaction between polyelectrolyte P4VP and PAA on the surface interface is further analyzed, which is of great significance to the study of the reaction kinetics of polyelectrolyte and the design of its application in the future. In addition to the surface interface detection of polyelectrolyte reaction, we have also designed and tested the adsorption performance of the polyelectrolyte, which is a polyelectrolyte based on polyelectrolyte, by using the composite material. Dopamine is a kind of high adsorptive safety, environmental protection cheap material, polydopamine also has very good adsorptive property, safety and structural stability, in order to make dopamine have better application in the copper ion field of wastewater treatment. The polymer composite system of poly (dopamine graphene) was studied. Three-dimensional porous materials were prepared rapidly and efficiently by template method combined with chemical reduction method. The experimental results of adsorption of copper ions by polydopamine vesicles, copper ions adsorbed by graphene, and copper ions adsorbed by polydopamine graphene composites were compared and analyzed. It is found that the newly fabricated polydopamine graphene composites have a good effect on the adsorption of copper ions, and the desorption experiments show that the prepared graphene materials have certain readsorbability, although they are not as good as those of pure graphene materials. This paper provides a rapid and efficient method for the preparation of highly adsorptive dopamine graphene materials and provides some references for the application of graphene matrix composites in the field of wastewater treatment.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O631;TB332
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