烷基丙撑二胺衍生物的合成及性能研究

发布时间：2019-05-01 06:33

【摘要】：本论文以椰油基丙撑二胺为原料与环氧乙烷反应,引入羟乙基基团,生成椰油基-三羟乙基-丙撑二胺,然后分别对其进行氧化与季铵化合成出了两种含羟乙基基团的产品,研究了其在界面及溶液中的吸附行为,探究了其相关的应用性能。主体内容包含以下四个部分:1.烷基丙撑二胺衍生物的合成及表征。合成出两种产品N,N-椰油基-羟乙基-N',N'-二羟乙基-丙撑双氧化胺(CTPDAO)与N,N, N-椰油基-羟乙基-甲基-N',N',N'-二羟乙基-甲基-丙撑双氯化铵(CTHDAC),并分别使用红外以及核磁对其进行了表征,证明合成的产物确为目标产物。2.烷基丙撑二胺衍生物的界面吸附行为。通过对两种衍生物的平衡表面张力以及动态接触角的测量,发现两者都有着较高的表面活性以及极强的亲水性,与相似碳链的十二烷基二甲基氧化铰(DDMAO)与十二烷基三甲基氯化铵(DTAC)相比,有着明显的优势。但是两者在接触角的测试中表现都不理想。通过对其表面参数的分析可知,CTPDAO与CTHDAC分子在气液界面排布疏松,拥有较大的亲水区域面积,同时吸附的过程自发且迅速。3.烷基丙撑二胺衍生物在水溶液中的聚集行为。测试了 CTHDAC在水溶液状态下的聚集行为,使用电导率法、热力学分析、稳态荧光光谱法、粒径分析仪以及TEM电镜等方法对其进行了研究。结果表明CTHDAC分子在水溶液中可自发迅速的形成聚集体,但由于亲水头基较大以及亲水基团间相互排斥的作用,使得分子在形成聚集体时粒径较大,大约在200 nm。形成单个聚集体所需的聚集数为35,比DTAC要小,当CTHDAC在水溶液中浓度超过CMC时,呈现出疏松排列的球形聚集体。4.烷基丙撑二胺衍生物的应用及复配性能。对两种衍生物CTPDAO与CTHDAC的应用性能进行了探究,测试了其润湿,乳化,增稠,去污等性能。结果表明,CTPDAO与CTHDAC的润湿性很差,与接触角的测量结果相一致,同时两种物质对大豆油以及液体石蜡都有着良好的乳化能力。CTPDAO对直链烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)的增稠效果明显,是一种优良的增稠剂。至于去污性能,CTHDAC去污效果显著,去污效果略好于标准洗衣液,而CTPDAO去污性能较差。对CTPDAO、CTHDAC与脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠(AES)、LAS复配体系的润湿、乳化以及泡沫性能进行了测试。结果表明,AES与LAS的加入均可增强体系的润湿性。复配体系在乳化性能测试中,协同作用明显,混合溶液的乳化性能比单一表面活性剂都要好。同样的泡沫性能测试,体现出了 CTPDAO、CTHDAC与AES、LAS的配伍性能良好,协同作用较为突出。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the coconut oil-trihydroxyethyl-propylenediamine was synthesized by the reaction of propylene diamine with ethylene oxide by introducing hydroxyethyl group, and then two kinds of products containing hydroxyethyl group were synthesized by oxidation and quaternification. The adsorption behavior at the interface and in the solution was studied, and its application performance was investigated. The main content consists of the following four parts: 1. Synthesis and characterization of alkyl propylenediamine derivatives. Two products N, N-coconut oil-hydroxyethyl-N, N-dihydroxyethyl-propylamine dioxide (CTPDAO) and N, N-coconut oil-hydroxyethyl-methyl-N, were synthesized. N-dihydroxyethyl-methyl-propylammonium dichloride (CTHDAC),) was characterized by IR and NMR. The synthesized product was proved to be the target product. Interfacial adsorption behavior of alkyl propylenediamine derivatives. By measuring the equilibrium surface tension and dynamic contact angle of the two derivatives, it is found that both of them have high surface activity and strong hydrophilicity. Compared with dodecyl dimethyl oxide hinge (DDMAO) and dodecyl trimethylammonium chloride (DTAC), it has obvious advantages. But both did not perform well in contact angle tests. Through the analysis of the surface parameters, it can be seen that the CTPDAO and CTHDAC molecules are loose at the gas-liquid interface, and have a large area of hydrophilic region. At the same time, the adsorption process is spontaneous and rapid. 3. Aggregation behavior of alkyl propylenediamine derivatives in aqueous solution. The aggregation behavior of CTHDAC in aqueous solution was studied by means of conductivity, thermodynamic analysis, steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy, particle size analyzer and TEM electron microscope. The results show that CTHDAC molecules can form aggregates spontaneously and rapidly in aqueous solution. However, due to the large hydrophilic head group and the mutual repulsion between hydrophilic groups, the particle size of the molecules is larger when forming the aggregates, which is about 200 nm.. The aggregation number required to form a single aggregate is 35, which is smaller than that of DTAC. When the concentration of CTHDAC exceeds CMC in aqueous solution, it presents a loose arrangement of spherical aggregates. 4. Application and compounding properties of alkyl propylenediamine derivatives. The application properties of two derivatives, CTPDAO and CTHDAC, were investigated. The properties of wetting, emulsifying, thickening and decontamination were tested. The results show that the wettability of CTPDAO and CTHDAC is very poor, which is consistent with the measurement of contact angle. At the same time, the two substances have good emulsifying ability to soybean oil and liquid paraffin. The thickening effect of CTPDAO on straight chain sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate (LAS) is obvious. It is a fine thickener. As for the decontamination performance, the decontamination effect of CTHDAC is remarkable, the decontamination effect is slightly better than the standard detergent, while the decontamination performance of CTPDAO is poor. The wetting, emulsifying and foam properties of CTPDAO,CTHDAC / sodium oxyethylene ether sulfate (AES), LAS) blend system were tested. The results showed that the wettability of the system could be enhanced by the addition of AES and LAS. In the emulsifying performance test, the synergistic effect of the mixed solution is obvious, and the emulsifying performance of the mixed solution is better than that of the single surfactant. The same foam performance test shows that the compatibility of CTPDAO,CTHDAC and AES,LAS is good, and the synergetic effect is more prominent.
【学位授予单位】：中国日用化学工业研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O623.7

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