PCIe事务层及数据链路层的实现与验证

发布时间：2018-07-16 15:09

【摘要】：总线遍布于整个计算机系统之中，使计算机系统的各个部分成为一个整体。它携带着有效信息，传递在计算机系统的不同部分之间，将各个部分的功能进行综合来完成系统的功能。计算机速度不断提高的今天，显卡、内存、CPU等组成部分性能飞速发展，，总线日益成为计算机系统的性能瓶颈。本课题来源于科研项目Fiber Channel协议芯片研制。由于目前行业内广泛使用的PCI总线所能提供的最大带宽为133MB/s，不能满足该芯片的要求，因此本次芯片设计中采用第三代通用IO总线标准PCI Express协议。基于PCI Express协议的PCIe总线具有很多优良特性，如高带宽，低延迟，抗干扰性强，高扩展性，高可靠性。PCIe总线采用点到点连接，保证了消息的实时性，基于交换器的设计，增加了下挂能力，使得PCIe的性能提升到一个新的层次。我们所要做的就是将PCIExpress协议的理论优势转化为实际应用中的优势。本次论文分为理论，实现及验证三部分。理论部分根据PCI Express协议，介绍了PCI Express的基本概念，重点介绍了事务层和数据链路层的基本功能以及这两层的数据包的构成方式和功能。实现部分基本按照PCI Express协议，以高性能，低延迟为目标，按照IC设计的流程，基本实现了PCI Express事务层和数据链路层的功能。事务层和数据链路层的设计各分为两大模块发送模块和接收模块，另外附加一些额外功能模块，例如流量控制等。验证的部分重点在于验证平台的搭建，本文中搭建的验证平台包含自动检测模块，对于验证结果实现自动比对，大幅度减轻了验证工作的效率。同时由于PCI Express设备即可作为根复合体，又可作为端点设备来工作，因此在本次验证平台的搭建中对协议代码模块进行的复用，降低了验证平台搭建的难度。最后对整个PCIe模块进行了系统的验证，并得到了较好的结果。
[Abstract]:The bus is spread throughout the computer system, making all parts of the computer system a whole. It carries the effective information and transmits between different parts of the computer system. The functions of each part are integrated to complete the function of the system. With the increasing of computer speed, the performance of graphics card and memory CPU is developing rapidly, and bus is becoming the bottleneck of computer system performance. This topic comes from the research project fiber channel protocol chip development. The PCI bus, which is widely used in the industry, can provide the maximum bandwidth of 133MB / s, which can not meet the requirements of the chip, so the third generation PCI Express protocol is adopted in the design of the chip. PCIe bus based on PCI Express protocol has many excellent characteristics, such as high bandwidth, low delay, strong anti-interference, high expansibility, high reliability. Increased the ability to hang down, so that the performance of PCIe to a new level. What we have to do is to convert the theoretical advantage of PCI Express protocol into the advantage of practical application. This paper is divided into three parts: theory, realization and verification. In the theoretical part, the basic concept of PCI Express is introduced according to PCI Express protocol, and the basic functions of transaction layer and data link layer are emphatically introduced, as well as the composition and function of these two layers of data packets. In the realization part, PCI Express transaction layer and data link layer are basically realized according to PCI Express protocol, high performance, low delay as the target, according to the flow chart designed by IC. The design of transaction layer and data link layer is divided into two modules: sending module and receiving module, and some additional function modules, such as flow control, etc. Part of the emphasis of verification is the construction of verification platform. The verification platform built in this paper contains automatic detection module. The verification results are compared automatically and the efficiency of verification work is greatly reduced. At the same time, the PCI Express device can be used as the root complex and the endpoint device to work, so the reuse of the protocol code module in this verification platform reduces the difficulty of building the verification platform. Finally, the whole PCIe module is systematically verified, and good results are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP336

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