基于小波分析的齿轮箱故障的无损检测

发布时间：2017-12-30 20:37

本文关键词：基于小波分析的齿轮箱故障的无损检测　出处：《西安科技大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：现代机械设备对性能的要求越来越高，其结构也越来越复杂，机械装备的发展日趋大型化和自动化。在机械设备中，齿轮箱作为连接和传递动力的通用零部件，被广泛的应用现代工业设备中。在工程实践中，我们期望对齿轮箱故障的发生能够做到防微杜渐，不希望亡羊补牢般地处理事故。因此，研究有效的齿轮箱早期故障诊断技术，定量诊断故障程度并预测故障扩展趋势和齿轮箱剩余寿命，具有重要的社会意义和经济价值。小波分析是当前数学中一个迅速发展的新领域，它在诸多工程领域中都得到了广泛的应用，成为科技工作者经常使用的工具之一。本论文围绕小波分析在齿轮箱故障诊断中的应用进行了理论研究和实例分析。本论文的重点是判断齿轮裂纹这种故障形式，齿轮裂纹最难识别并具有很大的潜在威胁。本论文首先研究了齿轮箱的故障机理以及小波分析的基本原理，接着研究了小波分析与其他信号分析方法的比较，并简单介绍了小波分析在滤波、消噪以及突变信号检测方面的应用。最后通过实例，使用Matlab软件对齿轮箱的故障信号进行小波分析，运用db5小波函数对采集的振动信号进行分析，利用阈值消噪，对消噪后的信号进行分解处理，分析判定原信号为故障信号，并指出故障形式为齿轮裂纹。然后使用傅里叶分析处理信号，说明傅里叶分析在处理非平稳信号中的不足。最后用bior5.5小波分析处理信号，通过对比说明db5小波的处理效果更好，提出使用小波分析在处理信号时，小波函数的选取原则。小波分析作为近年来迅速发展起来的新兴学科，，同时具有理论深刻丰富与应用广泛深入的双重意义，它的应用是和它的理论发展紧密交织在一起并相互促进的。将小波分析理论应用于齿轮箱故障的检测方向，在齿轮箱的早期故障检测方面取得良好的效果，这在保证齿轮箱设备的安全可靠运行方面起着重要的作用。小波分析具有广阔的应用前景，是一项值得推广应用的新技术。
[Abstract]:The modern mechanical equipment on the performance of the increasingly high demand, its structure is more complex. The development of mechanical equipment is becoming more and more large scale and automation. In the machinery equipment, gear box as universal component connection and power transmission, has been applied widely in modern industrial equipment. In engineering practice, we expect to happen to gear box fault can do not like to check erroneous ideas at the outset, I hope to deal with the accident. Therefore, the early diagnosis of gearbox fault effectively, fault diagnosis and fault prediction of quantitative expansion tendency and the residual life of the gear box, has important social significance and economic value.
Wavelet analysis is a new field with rapid development in modern mathematics, it has been widely used in many fields of engineering, science and technology workers to become one of the frequently used tool. This paper focuses on the analysis of theoretical study and practical application of wavelet analysis in fault diagnosis of gear box.
The focus of this paper is to determine the gear crack fault form, gear crack is the most difficult to identify and have large potential risk. This paper studied the failure mechanism of the gear box and the basic principle of wavelet analysis, then study the comparison of wavelet analysis and other signal analysis methods, and a brief introduction of the wavelet analysis in filtering, elimination the noise and the application of mutation signal detection. Finally, wavelet analysis is carried out using Matlab software for gear box fault signal, by analyzing the vibration signal acquisition of db5 wavelet function, threshold denoising based on signal denoising, the decomposition, analysis and judgment of the original signal for fault signal, and points out the fault form of gear crack. Then use the Fourier analysis of signal processing, Fourier analysis shows that in the treatment of non stationary signals. Finally using bior5.5 wavelet analysis. By means of comparison, the processing effect of db5 wavelet is better, and the principle of wavelet function selection is proposed when the wavelet analysis is used to deal with the signal.
Wavelet analysis is a new subject developed rapidly in recent years, and has profound significance both in theory and application deeply, it is the application of theory and its development closely intertwined and promote each other. The wavelet analysis theory is applied to the detection of gearbox fault, and achieved good results in early fault detection gear box, which plays an important role in ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the gear box device. Wavelet analysis has broad application prospects, is a new technology which is worthy of popularization and application.

【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH165.3

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