转轴—密封系统的动力特性研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 10:03

本文关键词：转轴—密封系统的动力特性研究　出处：《河南理工大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在旋转机械（如透平机械、潜水电机、泵类和压缩机等）中，由于转轴上安装有机械密封装置，转轴和机械密封就组成了一个新的系统，即转轴—密封系统。随旋转机械向大功率、高速度、高效率、低能耗方向的不断发展，就有必要研究分析影响此类机械转轴系统振动特性的各种因素。随着对该系统考查的深入，单从线性的角度或考虑单一因素研究转轴系统的振动特性已远远不能满足实际生产的需要。众多学者已认识到：滑动轴承支承力和机械密封作用对转轴系统振动特性的影响较为显著。本文以旋转机械转轴系统为主要研究对象，高度提炼出具有典型结构的转轴—密封系统的物理模型，以此开展了如下研究：①通过建立转轴—密封系统模型，采用Runge-Kutta法，系统地研究分析了运行参数和密封参数等对机械转轴系统和密封环振动特性的影响及其改变时所引发的分岔行为及混沌运动等现象。仿真结果表明：在一定条件下，当考虑机械密封作用时，转轴表现出叠加的复杂运动，，如随着转速的提高，转轴系统会出现单周期运动、多倍周期运动、拟周期运动甚至混沌等。同时也发现当考虑密封作用时，转轴系统存在由倍周期运动—拟周期运动—混沌运动—倍周期的运动路径。②研究了偏心距、密封压差及密封间隙等对转轴系统和密封环振动特性的影响规律和转轴—密封系统的稳定性。利用数值仿真结合Floquet理论对系统判稳，结果表明：在低速时，转轴系统将作稳定的单周期运动，当达到失稳速度后，系统由于失稳改作拟周期运动及更复杂的运动。研究发现不同的密封参数对系统稳定性的影响不同。在相同的条件下，转轴失稳转速随机械密封间隙的增大而降低；随压差的增大而提高。这些结论也为机械密封设计和机械密封在整个系统中的安装调试提供了一定的理论依据和指导。本文利用模拟实验平台对上述理论进行了实验测试，通过对比实验数据和仿真数据分析进行了验证。在结合理论分析和相关实验的基础上，研究分析了旋转机械转轴系统的振动特性及稳定性问题等。所得的结论和结果将为发展对转轴系统工程适用的振动抑制或控制技术，提高转轴系统稳定性分析、故障诊断、可控运行和优化设计水平提供理论基础。
[Abstract]:In the rotating machinery (such as turbine machine, submersible motor pumps and compressors, etc.), since the shaft is installed on the rotating shaft and the mechanical seal, mechanical seal on the formation of a new system, namely the shaft seal system. With the rotating machinery to high power, high speed, high efficiency, low energy consumption development direction and there are a variety of factors necessary to study the influence analysis of vibration characteristics of the mechanical shaft system. With the system studied deeply, or considering the vibration characteristics of the single factor study of shaft system can not meet the needs of the actual production from the linear perspective. Many scholars have realized: the influence of bearing force of sliding and mechanical seal effect on vibration characteristics of rotor system is more significant.
The rotating shaft system as the main research object, highly refined with physical model of shaft - typical structure of the sealing system, in order to carry out the research as follows: 1. Through the establishment of shaft seal system model, using Runge-Kutta method, systematic research and analysis of the operating parameters and the parameters of mechanical seal ring and shaft system vibration effect the sealing characteristics and the change of behavior caused by the bifurcation and chaotic motion. The simulation results show that under certain conditions, with mechanical seal, shaft exhibit complex motion superposition, such as with the increase of the rotation speed of shaft system will appear single periodic motion, multiple periodic motion, quasi periodic motion and chaos at the same time also found that when considering the sealing effect, existing shaft system by double period motion quasi periodic motion and chaotic motion motion path, cycle times Study on diameter. Eccentricity, sealing pressure and seal clearance on the stability of shaft system vibration characteristics and the influence of the sealing ring and the shaft seal system. By numerical simulation with Floquet theory on the system stability criterion, the results showed that: in the low speed, the shaft system will make single periodic motion stability, when to achieve speed instability, instability of the system for the quasi periodic motion and more complex. The study found that different sealing parameters influence on the stability of the system. In the same conditions, increasing the instability speed of shaft with mechanical seal gap decreases; with increasing pressure increasing. Provide some the theoretical basis and guidance for the installation and debugging of the conclusions of mechanical seal design and mechanical seal in the whole system.
Based on the above theoretical simulation platform was tested, through the comparative analysis of the experimental data and the simulation data were verified. On the basis of theoretical analysis and Experimental Research on the analysis of the shaft system vibration and stability problems. The conclusions and results will be used for the development of the vibration of shaft system engineering reduction and control, improve the stability of shaft system analysis, fault diagnosis, and provide a theoretical basis for controllable operation and optimize the design level.

【学位授予单位】：河南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH136

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