压力机液压系统中振动噪声的分析与控制

发布时间：2018-01-12 02:20

本文关键词：压力机液压系统中振动噪声的分析与控制　出处：《武汉理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：传统的产品设计方法对机械的性能和外观等方面考虑较多,忽略了产品产生振动噪声的问题。产品投入使用后,噪声问题突出,严重影响了操作人员的身心健康,导致生产效率低下,事故率较高；设备振动问题也会造成产品使用寿命降低,故障率攀开。另外,国家对产品噪声问题也越来越重视,倡议产品的绿色设计和和谐设计。在国家的相关法规中也对产品的噪声分贝值进行了限制要求,旨在保护使用者免遭较大噪声的困扰。因此,本文以压力机液压系统为主要研究对象,利用有限元软件模拟仿真和噪声测量仪器实测相结合,识别设备结构的主要振动噪声源,对其结构进行优化改进,然后通过仪器检测验证结构改进是否合理,从而得到一种改进优化的方法。本文的主要工作及成果包括以下几点： (1)液压系统振动噪声分析。本文从压力机液压系统的设计开始,选择合适的液压元器件。同时,分别对液压系统中液压油缸、液压泵站和联接油管导致振动噪声的原因进行了分析,提出了解决方案和措施,避免因液压系统不合理的设计导致较大的噪声产生,为液压系统的设计人员提供了参考价值。 (2)液压系统振动噪声的识别和测量。论述了机械振动噪声的识别和测量的基本理论和检测方法,利用噪声测量仪器,采用近场测量和选择运行相结合的方法,完成了液压系统噪声的识别和测量,分析了设备产生较高振动噪声的原因。 (3)对液压站有限元仿真分析。运用有限元仿真软件,对液压站的结构进行结构模态分析、动态谐响应分析和声学模态分析等,分析得出液压站在不同频率范围下振动强烈的部件及对外辐射声压级分布情况,为液压站结构改进提供了理论依据。同时,对进油管改进前后的声学仿真数据对比分析,得出改进后的进油管降噪效果较好。在实际应用中,使用噪声测量仪器实测后,确实有较好的降噪效果,很好的验证了软件模拟分析得到的结论。基于上面的研究结果,分析得到了造成设备噪声较高的主要原因以及相应的改进措施。并且利用软件的模拟仿真分析进行结构改进优化,再通过仪器测量进行验证,为设备减振降噪提供了一种分析思路,具有一定的指导和使用价值。
[Abstract]:The traditional product design method considers the performance and appearance of machinery more, neglecting the problem of vibration and noise produced by the product. After the product is put into use, the problem of noise is prominent. Seriously affected the physical and mental health of the operator, resulting in low production efficiency, high accident rate; Equipment vibration will also lead to lower service life and failure rate. In addition, the country is paying more and more attention to the problem of product noise. Green design and harmonious design of products. In the relevant national laws and regulations, the noise decibel value of the product is also restricted, in order to protect users from the problem of greater noise. Therefore. In this paper, the hydraulic system of the press as the main research object, using the finite element software simulation and noise measurement instrument combined to identify the main vibration and noise sources of the equipment structure, optimize and improve its structure. Then, an improved optimization method is obtained by means of instrument testing to verify whether the structural improvement is reasonable or not. The main work and results of this paper include the following: 1) Vibration and noise analysis of hydraulic system. Starting with the design of hydraulic system of press, this paper selects suitable hydraulic components. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder in hydraulic system is analyzed separately. The causes of vibration and noise caused by hydraulic pump station and connecting tubing are analyzed, and the solutions and measures are put forward to avoid large noise caused by unreasonable design of hydraulic system. It provides reference value for the designers of hydraulic system. Identification and measurement of vibration and noise in hydraulic system. The basic theory and detection method of recognition and measurement of mechanical vibration and noise are discussed, and the noise measuring instrument is used. The identification and measurement of hydraulic system noise is accomplished by combining near-field measurement and selective operation, and the causes of high vibration noise of the equipment are analyzed. 3) finite element simulation analysis of hydraulic station. The structural modal analysis, dynamic harmonic response analysis and acoustic modal analysis of hydraulic station structure are carried out by using finite element simulation software. Analysis of the hydraulic station in the different frequency range of strong vibration components and external radiation sound pressure level distribution provides a theoretical basis for the improvement of the hydraulic station structure at the same time. Comparing and analyzing the acoustic simulation data before and after the improvement of the oil intake pipe, it is concluded that the improved oil intake pipe has better noise reduction effect. In practical application, the noise measurement instrument is used to measure the actual measurement, and it does have a better noise reduction effect. The conclusion of software simulation analysis is well verified. Based on the above research results, the main reasons for the high noise of the equipment and the corresponding improvement measures are obtained, and the simulation analysis of the software is used to optimize the structure. Then it is verified by instrument measurement, which provides a kind of analysis thought for the equipment vibration and noise reduction, and has certain guidance and application value.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TG305;TH137

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